Tajweed rules
- Hamzat al-wasl (silent)
- Silent letter
- Lam shamsiyyah (assimilated)
- Normal madd (2 counts)
- Permissible madd (2, 4 or 6 counts)
- Obligatory madd (4 or 5 counts)
- Necessary madd (6 counts)
- Ghunnah (nasalisation, 2 counts)
- Qalqalah (echo)
- Ikhfa (concealment)
- Ikhfa shafawi (meem)
- Idgham with ghunnah
- Idgham without ghunnah
- Idgham shafawi (meem)
- Idgham mutajanisayn
- Idgham mutaqaribayn
- Iqlab (noon becomes meem)
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَآءَنَا لَوْلَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيْنَا ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ أَوْ نَرَىٰ رَبَّنَا لَقَدِ ٱسْتَكْبَرُوا۟ فِىٓ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَعَتَوْ عُتُوًّا كَبِيرًا ٢١
21. And those who do not expect the meeting with Us say, "Why were not angels sent down to us, or [why] do we [not] see our Lord?" They have certainly become arrogant within themselves1013 and [become] insolent with great insolence.
Notes
[1013] Additional meanings are "among themselves" and "over [the matter of] themselves."
يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ لَا بُشْرَىٰ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِّلْمُجْرِمِينَ وَيَقُولُونَ حِجْرًا مَّحْجُورًا ٢٢
22. The day they see the angels1014 - no good tidings will there be that day for the criminals, and [the angels] will say, "Prevented and inaccessible."1015
Notes
[1014] i.e., at the time of death.
[1015] Referring to any good tidings.
وَقَدِمْنَآ إِلَىٰ مَا عَمِلُوا۟ مِنْ عَمَلٍ فَجَعَلْنَٰهُ هَبَآءً مَّنثُورًا ٢٣
23. And We will approach [i.e., regard]1016 what they have done of deeds and make them as dust dispersed.
Notes
[1016] On the Day of Judgement.
أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَيْرٌ مُّسْتَقَرًّا وَأَحْسَنُ مَقِيلًا ٢٤
24. The companions of Paradise, that Day, are [in] a better settlement and better resting place.
وَيَوْمَ تَشَقَّقُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ بِٱلْغَمَٰمِ وَنُزِّلَ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ تَنزِيلًا ٢٥
25. And [mention] the Day when the heaven will split open with [emerging] clouds,1017 and the angels will be sent down in successive descent.
Notes
[1017] Within which are the angels.
ٱلْمُلْكُ يَوْمَئِذٍ ٱلْحَقُّ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ وَكَانَ يَوْمًا عَلَى ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ عَسِيرًا ٢٦
26. True sovereignty, that Day, is for the Most Merciful. And it will be upon the disbelievers a difficult Day.
وَيَوْمَ يَعَضُّ ٱلظَّالِمُ عَلَىٰ يَدَيْهِ يَقُولُ يَٰلَيْتَنِى ٱتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ ٱلرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا ٢٧
27. And the Day the wrongdoer will bite on his hands [in regret] he will say, "Oh, I wish I had taken with the Messenger a way.1018
Notes
[1018] i.e., followed the Prophet (ﷺ) on a path of guidance.
يَٰوَيْلَتَىٰ لَيْتَنِى لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلَانًا خَلِيلًا ٢٨
28. Oh, woe to me! I wish I had not taken that one1019 as a friend.
Notes
[1019] The person who misguided him.
لَّقَدْ أَضَلَّنِى عَنِ ٱلذِّكْرِ بَعْدَ إِذْ جَآءَنِى وَكَانَ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ لِلْإِنسَٰنِ خَذُولًا ٢٩
29. He led me away from the remembrance1020 after it had come to me. And ever is Satan, to man, a deserter."1021
Notes
[1020] i.e., the Qur’ān or the remembrance of Allāh.
[1021] Forsaking him once he has led him into evil.
وَقَالَ ٱلرَّسُولُ يَٰرَبِّ إِنَّ قَوْمِى ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ هَٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانَ مَهْجُورًا ٣٠
30. And the Messenger has said, "O my Lord, indeed my people have taken this Qur’ān as [a thing] abandoned."1022
Notes
[1022] i.e., avoiding it, not listening to or understanding it, not living by it, or preferring something else to it.
وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِىٍّ عَدُوًّا مِّنَ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ وَكَفَىٰ بِرَبِّكَ هَادِيًا وَنَصِيرًا ٣١
31. And thus have We made for every prophet an enemy from among the criminals. But sufficient is your Lord as a guide and a helper.
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَوْلَا نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ ٱلْقُرْءَانُ جُمْلَةً وَٰحِدَةً كَذَٰلِكَ لِنُثَبِّتَ بِهِۦ فُؤَادَكَ وَرَتَّلْنَٰهُ تَرْتِيلًا ٣٢
32. And those who disbelieve say, "Why was the Qur’ān not revealed to him all at once?" Thus [it is] that We may strengthen thereby your heart. And We have spaced it distinctly.1023
Notes
[1023] Also, "recited it with distinct recitation."
