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Sahih al-BukhariMilitary Expeditions led by the Prophet (pbuh) (Al-Maghaazi)

Offer this prayer at this time and that prayer at that time. When the time for a prayer is due, let one of you call the Adhān, and let the one who knows the Qur’an most lead the prayer

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Sahih al-Bukhari 4302

Narrator:Amr ibn Salima

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَلِمَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو قِلاَبَةَ أَلاَ تَلْقَاهُ فَتَسْأَلَهُ، قَالَ فَلَقِيتُهُ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ

كُنَّا بِمَاءٍ مَمَرَّ النَّاسِ، وَكَانَ يَمُرُّ بِنَا الرُّكْبَانُ فَنَسْأَلُهُمْ مَا لِلنَّاسِ مَا لِلنَّاسِ مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُونَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَرْسَلَهُ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ، أَوْ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ بِكَذَا‏.‏ فَكُنْتُ أَحْفَظُ ذَلِكَ الْكَلاَمَ، وَكَأَنَّمَا يُغْرَى فِي صَدْرِي، وَكَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ تَلَوَّمُ بِإِسْلاَمِهِمِ الْفَتْحَ، فَيَقُولُونَ اتْرُكُوهُ وَقَوْمَهُ، فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَهْوَ نَبِيٌّ صَادِقٌ‏.‏ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ وَقْعَةُ أَهْلِ الْفَتْحِ بَادَرَ كُلُّ قَوْمٍ بِإِسْلاَمِهِمْ، وَبَدَرَ أَبِي قَوْمِي بِإِسْلاَمِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ قَالَ جِئْتُكُمْ وَاللَّهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَقًّا فَقَالَ ‏"‏ صَلُّوا صَلاَةَ كَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا، وَصَلُّوا كَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا، فَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلاَةُ، فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ أَحَدُكُمْ، وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا ‏"‏‏.‏ فَنَظَرُوا فَلَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ أَكْثَرَ قُرْآنًا مِنِّي، لِمَا كُنْتُ أَتَلَقَّى مِنَ الرُّكْبَانِ، فَقَدَّمُونِي بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ، وَأَنَا ابْنُ سِتٍّ أَوْ سَبْعِ، سِنِينَ وَكَانَتْ عَلَىَّ بُرْدَةٌ، كُنْتُ إِذَا سَجَدْتُ تَقَلَّصَتْ عَنِّي، فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْحَىِّ أَلاَ تُغَطُّوا عَنَّا اسْتَ قَارِئِكُمْ‏.‏ فَاشْتَرَوْا فَقَطَعُوا لِي قَمِيصًا، فَمَا فَرِحْتُ بِشَىْءٍ فَرَحِي بِذَلِكَ الْقَمِيصِ‏.‏

Ayyūb reported from Abu Qilābah from ‘Amr ibn Salamah: Abu Qilābah said to me: "Will you not meet and ask him (‘Amr ibn Salamah)" I said: "I met him and asked him, so he said: ‘We were at a water place that was a thoroughfare for people. Riders would pass by us, and we would ask them: 'What are people up to? What are people up to? Who is that man?' They would say: 'He claims that Allah has sent him and revealed to him. Or Allah has revealed such and such.'' So I used to memorize that speech, as if it was instilled in my heart. Meanwhile, the Arabs (Bedouin tribes) delayed their conversion to Islam until the Conquest. So they would say: 'Leave him and his people, for indeed if he prevails over them, he is a true Prophet.' When the incident of the people of Conquest took place, every tribe rushed to embrace Islam, and my father hurried to embrace Islam before (the rest of) my tribe. When he came back, he said: 'By Allah, I have come to you from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) for sure! He said: 'Offer this prayer at this time and that prayer at that time. When the time for a prayer is due, let one of you call the Adhān, and let the one who knows the Qur’an most lead the prayer.'' They checked and found none with more Qur’an than me, for I used to meet the riders. Therefore, they made me to lead them, when I was only six or seven years old. I had on me a garment, which would recede when I would prostrate. A lady from the tribe thus said: 'Will you not cover the bottom of your reader from us?' So they bought (a piece of cloth) and cut me an apparel. I had never been so happy with anything as I was with that apparel."

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 4302).

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Explanation

Ayyūb al-Sakhtiyāni reports from Abu Qilābah al-Jarmi who said: "Why do you not meet ‘Amr ibn Salamah and ask him about the Hadīths that he knows?" He said: "I met ‘Amr ibn Salamah and asked him. So ‘Amr ibn Salamah said: 'We were in a place that we would stay in, and people would pass by. When riders passed by us, we would ask them about the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and the stance of the Arabs toward him. They would say that he claims that Allah has sent him and revealed to him such and such from what they heard of the Qur’an. So I would memorize that Qur’an perfectly as if it was instilled in my heart. The Arabs delayed their conversion to Islam until after Makkah was conquered. They would say: ‘Leave him and his Quraysh folks, for if he has victory over them, then he is a true Prophet.’ So when Makkah was conquered, each tribe hastened to convert, and my father was the first member of my tribe to embrace Islam. He went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). When he returned from him, he said: ‘By Allah, I have come to you from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) for sure!’ He told them that the Prophet, may Allah's peace and blessings upon him, said to them: ‘Offer this prayer at this time and that prayer at that time. When the time for a prayer is due, let one of you call the Adhān, and let the one who knows the Qur’an most lead the prayer.’ They checked and found none with more Qur’an than me, for I used to meet the riders and learn the Qur’an from them. So they made me their prayer leader although I was then six or seven years old. I was wearing a short garment that would recede on my body when I would prostrate. A lady from the tribe said: ‘Will you not cover the private parts of your reciter from us?’ So they bought me an apparel. I had never been so happy with anything as I was with that apparel.'" This Hadīth does not indicate that covering one's private parts during prayer is not required, for it only tells the story of a certain incident. It is probable that this incident took place before those involved in it learned of the relevant ruling.

Explanation in Arabic

قال أيوب السختياني: قال لي أبو قلابة الجرمي: ألَا تلقى عمرو بن سلمة فتسأله عن الأحاديث التي عنده. قال: فلقيت عمرو بن سلمة فسألته، فقال عمرو بن سلمة: كنا بموضع ننزل به وكان موضع مرور الناس، وكان يمر بنا الركاب فنسألهم عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وعن حال العرب معه، فيقولون يزعم أن الله أرسله، وأوحى إليه بكذا مما سمعوه من القرآن، فكنت أحفظ ذلك القرآن حفظًا متقنًا كأنه يُلصق في صدري، وكانت العرب تنتظر ولا تسلم حتى تُفتح مكة، فيقولون: اتركوه وقومه قريشا فإنه إن انتصر عليهم فهو نبي صادق. فلما فُتحت مكة أسرع كل قوم بإسلامهم، وأسرع أبي فأسلم أول قومه، وذهب إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فلما جاء من عنده قال: جئتكم والله من عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حقا، وأخبرهم أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم قال لهم: صلوا صلاة كذا في وقت كذا، وصلوا صلاة كذا في وقت كذا، وإذا حضرت الصلاة فليؤذن أحدكم، وليؤمكم أكثركم حفظًا للقرآن. فنظروا فلم يكن أحد أكثر حفظًا للقرآن مني، لما كنت أتلقى الركاب وأحفظ منهم القرآن، فقدموني أصلي بهم وكان عمرى حينئذ ست أو سبع سنين، وكان عليَّ ثوب قصير كنت إذا سجدت انجمع عليَّ وانكشف عني، فقالت امرأة من قومي: ألا تغطوا عنا عورة قارئكم. فاشتروا لي قميصا فما فرحت بشيء فرحي بذلك القميص. ولا يستدل بهذا الحديث على عدم شرط ستر العورة في الصلاة لأنها واقعة حال فيحتمل أن يكون ذلك قبل علمهم بالحكم.

  • جواز إمامة الصبي المميز في الفريضة.
  • الأحق بالإمامة الأكثر حفظاً للقرآن .
  • مشروعية الأذان.
  • أن القرآن سبب لرفعة الإنسان، وعلو مقامه في الدنيا والآخرة.
  • أن التمييز يكون بالسادسة أو السابعة بحسب قوة إدراك الصبي.

Classical commentary

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani — Fath al-Bari

قَوْله : ( عَنْ عَمْرو بْن سَلَمَة ) مُخْتَلَف فِي صُحْبَته , فَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيث أَنَّ أَبَاهُ وَفَدَ , وَفِيهِ إِشْعَار بِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَفْدِ مَعَهُ , وَأَخْرَجَ اِبْن مَنْدَهْ مِنْ طَرِيق حَمَّاد بْن سَلَمَة عَنْ أَيُّوب بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَاد مَا يَدُلّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ وَفَدَ أَيْضًا , وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْرَجَهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ , وَأَبُو سَلِمَة بِكَسْرِ اللَّام هُوَ اِبْن قِيسَ وَيُقَال نُفَيْع الْجَرْمِيّ بِفَتْحِ الْجِيم وَسُكُون الرَّاء , صَحَابِيّ مَا لَهُ فِي الْبُخَارِيّ سِوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيث , وَكَذَا اِبْنه , لَكِنْ وَقَعَ ذِكْر عَمْرو بْن سَلِمَة فِي حَدِيث مَالِك بْن الْحُوَيْرِث كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ فِي صِفَةِ الصَّلَاةِ. قَوْله : ( قَالَ لِي أَبُو قِلَابَة ) هُوَ مَقُول أَيُّوب. قَوْله :…

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Scholars’ grades

Grade taken from the status of the collection (Sahih al-Bukhari).

Other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 412

My father said, "I have come from the true Prophet (ﷺ), so when the time of Salat (prayer) comes one of you should announce the Adhan and the one of you who knows the Qur'an most should be your Imam." He ('Amr) said: "They looked around and there was no one who knew the Qur'an more than I. So they…

"فَإِذَا حَضَرَتْ اَلصَّلَاةُ فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ أَحَدُكُمْ, وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا"

Narrated by Amr ibn Salima

Authentic Mishkat al-Masabih 1126

We lived by water which people passed. Riders would pass by us and we would ask them, "What has happened to the people? What has happened to the people? What is this man like?” and they would reply, "He asserts that God has sent him, has made a revelation to him, has made a revelation to him to…

عَن عَمْرو بن سَلمَة قَالَ: كُنَّا بِمَاء ممر النَّاس وَكَانَ يَمُرُّ بِنَا الرُّكْبَانُ نَسْأَلُهُمْ مَا لِلنَّاسِ مَا لِلنَّاسِ؟ مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ فَيَقُولُونَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ الله أرْسلهُ أوحى إِلَيْهِ أَو أوحى الله…

Narrated by Amr ibn Salima

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Authentic Sunan an-Nasa'i 789

"Riders used to pass by us and we would leam the Qur'an from them. My father came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said: 'Let the one of you who knows most Qur'an leads the prayer.' My father came and said that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had said: 'Let the one of you who knows most Quran lead you in…

"‏ لِيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَنَظَرُوا فَكُنْتُ أَكْثَرَهُمْ قُرْآنًا فَكُنْتُ أَؤُمُّهُمْ وَأَنَا ابْنُ ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ ‏.‏

Narrated by Amr ibn Salima + 2 other versions

Authentic Sunan an-Nasa'i 636

"Abu Qilabah said to me (Ayyub): He ('Amr) is still alive, do you want to meet him?" I met him and asked him, and he said: "When Makkah was conquered, all the people hastened to announce their Islam. My father went to announce the Islam of the poeple of our village, and when he came back we went to…

"‏ صَلُّوا صَلاَةَ كَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا وَصَلاَةَ كَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا فَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلاَةُ فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ لَكُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا ‏"

Narrator: سلمة بن قيس الجرمي

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