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Sunan Abu DawudPurification (Kitab Al-Taharah)

Sunan Abu Dawud 234

Chapter: The Sexually Impure Person Leading The Prayer In A State Of Forgetfulness

Differing grades 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 234

Narrator:Abu Bakrah

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ فِي أَوَّلِهِ فَكَبَّرَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلاَةَ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنِّي كُنْتُ جُنُبًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَامَ فِي مُصَلاَّهُ وَانْتَظَرْنَا أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ انْصَرَفَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ كَمَا أَنْتُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ أَيُّوبُ وَابْنُ عَوْنٍ وَهِشَامٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ مُرْسَلاً عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ فَكَبَّرَ ثُمَّ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ أَنِ اجْلِسُوا فَذَهَبَ فَاغْتَسَلَ ‏.‏ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَبَّرَ فِي صَلاَةٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَكَذَلِكَ حَدَّثَنَاهُ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ عَنْ يَحْيَى عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ كَبَّرَ ‏.‏

This tradition has been reported by Hammad b. Salamah through the same chain of narrators and conveying a similar meaning. This version adds in the beginning:

He uttered TAKBIR (Allahu akbar), and in the end : when he finished the prayer, he said : I am a human being; I was sexually defiled.

Abu Dawud said : This tradition has been narrated al-Zuhri from Abu Salamah b. ‘Abd al-Rahman on the authority of Abu Hurairah. It says: When he stood at the place of prayer, we waited for his utterance of takbir (Allah-u akbar).He went away and said : (remain) as you were.

Another version on the authority of Muhammad reporting from the Prophet (ﷺ) says: He uttered takbir (Allah-u-Akbar) and then made a sign to the people, meaning "sit down". He then went away and took a bath. This tradition has also been narrated through a different chain. It says: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) uttered takbir (Allah-u-akbar) in a prayer.

Abu Dawud said: Another version through a different chain says; The Prophet (May peace be upon him) uttered takbir (Allah-u akbar).

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 234, 233) and Ahmad (No. 19530).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( فَأَوْمَأَ ) : بِالْهَمْزَةِ أَيْ أَشَارَ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ , يُقَال أَوْمَأْت إِلَيْهِ أَشَرْت وَلَا يُقَال وَمَيْت وَوَمَأْت إِلَيْهِ ( أَنْ مَكَانكُمْ ) : أَنْ مُفَسِّرَة وَمَكَانكُمْ بِالنَّصْبِ أَيْ اُمْكُثُوا مَكَانكُمْ وَالْزَمُوهُ ( يَقْطُر ) : بِضَمِّ الطَّاء أَيْ يَسِيل بِسَبَبِ الِاغْتِسَال. ( بِإِسْنَادِهِ ) : الْأَوَّل مِنْ زِيَاد إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرَة الصَّحَابِيّ ( وَمَعْنَاهُ ) : أَيْ بِمَعْنَى الْحَدِيث الْأَوَّل ( وَقَالَ ) : يَزِيد بْن هَارُون ( فِي أَوَّله ) : أَيْ أَوَّل الْحَدِيث ( فَكَبَّرَ ) : أَيْ دَخَلَ فِي صَلَاة الْفَجْر فَكَبَّرَ ( وَإِنِّي كُنْت جُنُبًا ) : فَنَسِيت أَنْ أَغْتَسِل كَمَا فِي رِوَايَة الدَّارَقُطْنِيِّ وَالْ…

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Scholars’ grades

The 4 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH WeakMursal The hadith No. 234
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH Good (hasan)Hasan The hadith No. 234
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH Good (hasan)Hasan The hadith No. 234
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 234

Other versions

Differing grades Sunan Abu Dawud 233

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) began to lead (the people) in the dawn prayer. He then signalled with his hand: (Stay) at your places. (Then he entered his home). He then returned while drops of water were coming down from him (from his body) and he led them in prayer.

دَخَلَ فِي صَلاَةِ الْفَجْرِ فَأَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ أَنْ مَكَانَكُمْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ ‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Bakrah

Also reported by… (5)
  • الأوسط في السنن والإجماع والاختلاف لابن المنذر (1998)دَخَلَ فِي صَلاةِ الْفَجْرِ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْ مَكَانَكُمْ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ
  • التمهيد لابن عبد البر (85)دَخَلَ فِي صَلاةِ الْفَجْرِ ، فَأَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ أَنْ مَكَانَكُمْ ، ثُمَّ جَاء وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ
  • السنن الصغير للبيهقي (250)دَخَلَ فِي صَلاةِ الْفَجْرِ ، فَأَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ أَنْ مَكَانَكُمْ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ
  • السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (3736)دَخَلَ فِي صَلاةِ الْفَجْرِ ، فَأَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ أَنْ مَكَانَكُمْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ
  • المحلى بالآثار لابن حزم (754)دَخَلَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ ، فَكَبَّرَ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمْ : أَنْ مَكَانَكُمْ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ ، قَالَ : إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُكُمْ ، وَإِنِّي كُنْتُ جُنُبًا

On the same subject

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 1009

The Prophet came out for prayer, but when he had said “God is most great” he went off, giving them a sign to stay where they were. He went away, and when he had bathed he came with his head dripping and led them in prayer. Then when he finished he said, “I was defiled by a seminal emission and…

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَلَمَّا كَبَّرَ انْصَرَفَ وَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْ كَمَا كُنْتُمْ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَرَأَسُهُ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 275

Once the call (Iqama) for the prayer was announced and the rows were straightened. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came out; and when he stood up at his Musalla, he remembered that he was Junub. Then he ordered us to stay at our places and went to take a bath and then returned with water dropping from his…

فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلَمَّا قَامَ فِي مُصَلاَّهُ ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ جُنُبٌ فَقَالَ لَنَا ‏:‏ ‏"‏ مَكَانَكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَاغْتَسَلَ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 639

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went out (of the mosque) when the Iqama had been pronounced and the rows straightened. The Prophet (ﷺ) stood at his Musalla (praying place) and we waited for the Prophet (ﷺ) to begin the prayer with Takbir. He left and asked us to remain in our places. We kept on standing till…

خَرَجَ وَقَدْ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاَةُ وَعُدِّلَتِ الصُّفُوفُ، حَتَّى إِذَا قَامَ فِي مُصَلاَّهُ انْتَظَرْنَا أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ انْصَرَفَ قَالَ ‏"‏ عَلَى مَكَانِكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَمَكَثْنَا عَلَى هَيْئَتِنَا حَتَّى خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih Muslim 605a

Iqama was pronounced and we stood up and made rows straight till he (the Holy Prophet) stood at his place of worship (the place ahead of the rows where he stood to lead the prayer) before takbir tahrima. He reminded to (himself something) and went back saying that we should stand at our places and…

مَكَانَكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَلَمْ نَزَلْ قِيَامًا نَنْتَظِرُهُ حَتَّى خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا وَقَدِ اغْتَسَلَ يَنْطِفُ رَأْسُهُ مَاءً فَكَبَّرَ فَصَلَّى بِنَا ‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih Muslim 605b

Iqama was pronounced. ant the people had formed themselves into rows. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came out and stood at his place, and then pointed out with his hand that we should stand at our places. He then went away and took a bath and water trickled from his head and then led them in prayer.

أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاَةُ وَصَفَّ النَّاسُ صُفُوفَهُمْ وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَامَ مَقَامَهُ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِيَدِهِ أَنْ ‏"‏ مَكَانَكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَخَرَجَ وَقَدِ اغْتَسَلَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَنْطِفُ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 640

Once Iqama was pronounced and the people had straightened the rows, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went forward (to lead the prayer) but he was Junub, so he said, "Remain in your places." And he went out, took a bath and returned with water trickling from his head. Then he led the prayer.

فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَتَقَدَّمَ وَهْوَ جُنُبٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ عَلَى مَكَانِكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَرَجَعَ فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ مَاءً فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

English
Wednesday, October 14, 2026 3 جمادى الأولى 1448 هـ

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