The Chapters on Pre-emption

Chapter 1.00Chapter: One Who Sells A Property Should Notify His Partner (Of His Intention)

Authentic No. 2492

“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever has a date-palm tree or land, should not sell it until he has offered it to his partner.' ”

"‏ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ نَخْلٌ أَوْ أَرْضٌ فَلاَ يَبِيعُهَا حَتَّى يَعْرِضَهَا عَلَى شَرِيكِهِ ‏"

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh + 1 other version

Authentic No. 2493

“Whoever has land and wants to sell it, let him offer it to his neighbor.”

"‏ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَأَرَادَ بَيْعَهَا فَلْيَعْرِضْهَا عَلَى جَارِهِ ‏"

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās

Chapter 2.00Chapter: Preemption By Virtue Of Being Neighbors

Differing grades No. 2494

“The neighbor has more right to preemption of his neighbor, so let him wait for him even if he is absent, if they share a path.”

"‏ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا إِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا ‏"

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh + 5 other versions

Authentic No. 2495

“The neighbor has more right to property that is near.”

"‏ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Rāfi + 3 other versions

Authentic No. 2496

“I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, (what do you think of) land owned by only one person but this land has neighbors?' He said: 'The neighbor has more right to property that is near.' ”

"‏ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ ‏"

Narrated by Ash-Sharīd ibn Suwayd + 4 other versions

Chapter 3.00Chapter: If The Boundaries Have Been Fixed Then There Is No Preemption

Authentic No. 2497

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ruled concerning preemption of land that has not been divided; if the boundaries have been set then there is no preemption.

قَضَى بِالشُّفْعَةِ فِيمَا لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ ‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) No. 2497b

Another chain narrates a hadith similar to the previous one.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ الطِّهْرَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، وَأَبِي، سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 17 other versions

Authentic No. 2498

“The partner has more right to what is near him, so long as he is still a partner.”

"‏ الشَّرِيكُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ مَا كَانَ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Rāfi

Authentic No. 2499

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ruled that preemption takes effect in all cases where land has not been divided. But if the boundaries have been set and the roads laid out, then there is no preemption.”

الشُّفْعَةَ فِي كُلِّ مَا لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ وَصُرِّفَتِ الطُّرُقُ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ ‏"

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh + 13 other versions

Chapter 4.00Chapter: Requesting Preemption

Differing grades No. 2500

“Preemption is like undoing the `Iqal.”

"‏ الشُّفْعَةُ كَحَلِّ الْعِقَالِ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Differing grades No. 2501

“There is no preemption for a partner when his co-partner has beaten him to it (in another deal before), not for a minor nor one who is absent.”

"‏ لاَ شُفْعَةَ لِشَرِيكٍ عَلَى شَرِيكٍ إِذَا سَبَقَهُ بِالشِّرَاءِ وَلاَ لِصَغِيرٍ وَلاَ لِغَائِبٍ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar