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Explained hadiths

A person in a state of Ihrām eating from a game that was not hunted for him, nor did he assist in hunting it

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Explained hadiths 3099

Narrator:Abu Qatāda

عن أبي قَتَادَةَ الأنصاري رضي الله عنه «أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خرج حاجًّا، فخرجوا معه، فصرف طائفة منهم -فيهم أبو قَتَادَةَ- وقال: خذوا ساحِل البحر حتى نَلْتَقِيَ. فأخذوا ساحل البحر، فلما انصرفوا أحرموا كلهم، إلا أبا قَتَادَةَ فلم يُحرم، فبينما هم يسيرون إذ رأوا حُمُرَ وَحْشٍ، فحمل أبو قَتَادَةَ على الْحُمُرِ، فَعَقَرَ منْها أَتَانَاً، فنزلنا فأكلنا من لحمها، ثم قلنا: أنأكل لحم صيد، ونحن محرمون؟ فحملنا ما بقي من لحمها فأدركنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فسألناه عن ذلك؟ فقال: منكم أحد أمره أن يحمل عليها، أو أشار إليها؟ قالوا: لا، قال: فكلوا ما بقي من لحمها»، وفي رواية: «قال: هل معكم منه شيء؟ فقلت: نعم، فناولته الْعَضُدَ ، فأكل منها».

Abu Qatādah al-Ansāri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) set out for Hajj and so did his Companions. He sent a group of them by another route, and Abu Qatādah was one of them. He (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Proceed along the sea-shore until we meet up." So, they took the route of the sea-shore, and when they departed, all of them entered in the state of Ihrām for Hajj except Abu Qatādah. While they were proceeding on, they saw a group of onagers. Abu Qatādah chased the onagers and wounded a she-onager. They got down and ate some of its meat and said to each other: "How do we eat the meat of the game while we are in a state of Ihrām?" So, we carried the rest of its meat, and we met the Messenger of Allah and asked him about it. He (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did anyone of you order Abu Qatādah to attack it or point at it?" They replied in the negative. He said: "Then eat what is left of its meat." And in another narration: He said: "Is there any more left with you?" I said: "Yes" and I gave him its upper arm to eat and he ate from it.

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 1824, 2854) and Muslim (No. 1196e, 1196h).متفق عليه

Original references (7)
  • تيسير العلام، للبسام، الناشر: مكتبة الصحابة، الأمارات - مكتبة التابعين، القاهرة الطبعة، العاشرة، 1426 هـ - 2006 م .
  • تنبيه الأفهام، للعثيمين، طبعة مكتبة الصحابة، الإمارات، مكتبة التابعين، القاهرة، الطبعة الأولى 1426.
  • صحيح البخاري، لأبي عبد الله محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري، تحقيق محمد زهير بن ناصر الناصر، الناشر: دار طوق النجاة، الطبعة: الأولى 1422هـ.
  • صحيح مسلم، المحقق: محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي - الناشر: دار إحياء التراث العربي – بيروت.
  • تأسيس الأحكام، لأحمد بن يحيى النجمي، دار المنهاج، القاهرة، مصر، الطبعة الأولى.
  • حياة الحيوان الكبرى، لكمال الدين محمد الدميري، دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت، لبنان - 1424 هـ - 2003 م، الطبعة: الثانية، تحقيق: أحمد حسن بسج.
  • الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية، وزارة الأوقاف والشئون الإسلامية – الكويت-الطبعة: (من 1404 -1427 هـ).
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Explanation

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) set out in the year of Hudaybiyah intending to perform ‘Umrah. Before he arrived at the designated place of Ihrām for the inhabitants of Madīnah, which is Dhu al-Hulayfah, he was informed that an enemy was coming from the direction of the sea-shore intending to fight him. So, he commanded a group of his Companions – among whom was Abu Qatādah – to take the right direction on the sea-shore route in order to avert them. They proceeded toward that direction. When they departed to meet up with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) at his appointed time, they all entered in the state of Ihrām except Abu Qatādah. While they were walking they saw a group of onagers, and they hoped inside themselves that Abu Qatādah would see them since he was not in a state of Ihrām (he could hunt). When he saw them, he chased them and wounded a she-onager. So, they all ate from its meat. Then they felt some doubt concerning the permissibility of their eating from it, while they were in a state of Ihrām. So they carried what was left of its meat until they caught up with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and asked him about it. He asked them if anyone of them ordered Abu Qatādah or helped him by pointing or hinting at it. They replied that nothing of the sort happened. So he assured their hearts by telling them that it was lawful for them, and ordered them to eat what was left thereof. He also ate from it, in order to give comfort to their hearts.

Explanation in Arabic

خرج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عام الْحُدَيْبِيَة، يريد العُمْرة.

وقبل أن يصل إلى محرم المدينة، القريب منها، وهو "ذو الحليفة" بلغه أنَّ عَدُوُّاً أتى من قِبَل ساحل البحر يريده، فأمر طائفة من أصحابه -فيهم أبو قتادة- أن يأخذوا ذات اليمين، على طريق الساحل، ليصدُّوه، فساروا نحوه. فلما انصرفوا لمقابلة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في ميعاده، أحرموا إلا أبا قتادة فلم يحرم، وفي أثناء سيرهم، أبصروا حُمُر وَحْش، وتمنوا بأنفسهم لو أبصرها أبو قتادة لأنه حلال، فلما رآها حمل عليهاْ فعقر منها أَتاناً، فأكلوا من لحمها.

ثم وقع عندهم شكٌّ في جوازِ أكلهم منها وهم محرمون، فحملوا ما بقي من لحمها حتى لحقوا بالنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فسألوه عن ذلك فاستفسر منهم: هل أمره أحد منهم، أو أعانه بدلالة، أو إشارة؟ قالوا: لم يحصل شيء من ذلك.

فَطَمْأَن قلوبهم بأنها حلال، إذ أمرهم بأكل ما بقي منها، وأكل هو صلى الله عليه وسلم منها تطييبًا لقلوبهم.

  • قبوله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- الهدية، تطييبا لقلوب أصحابها.
  • تحريم صيد الحلال على المحرم، إذا كان قد صِيدَ من أجله.
  • أن العمرة حج وتسمى الحج الأصغر.
  • مشروعية التحرز من العدو وأخذ الحذر وأن ذلك لا ينافي التوكل.
  • حِلُّ حُمر الوَحْش، وأنها من الصيد.
  • حل الصيد بقتله في أي موضع في بدنه.
  • مشروعية التورع عما يشك في أنه حلال.
  • كمال ورع الصحابة واحتياطهم حيث لم يأكلوا من اللحم حين شكوا ولم يرموه.
  • حسن تعليم النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وشفقته على أمته.
  • جواز الاجتهاد في زمنه -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، لمن كان بعيدًا عنه.

Scholars’ grades

Original grading term, without a named scholar: صحيح

Other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 2854

(from his father) Abu Qatada went out (on a journey) with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) but he was left behind with some of his companions who were in the state of Ihram. He himself was not in the state of Ihram. They saw an opener before he could see it. When they saw the opener, they did not speak…

فَتَخَلَّفَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ مَعَ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ وَهُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ وَهْوَ غَيْرُ مُحْرِمٍ، فَرَأَوْا حِمَارًا وَحْشِيًّا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرَاهُ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ تَرَكُوهُ حَتَّى رَآهُ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ، فَرَكِبَ…

Narrated by Abu Qatāda

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih Muslim 1196e

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out for Pilgrimage and we also set out along with him. He (Abu Qatada) said: There proceeded on some of his Companions and Abu Qatada was (one of them). He (the Prophet) said: You proceed along the coastline till you meet me. He (Abu Qatada) said: So they proceeded…

خُذُوا سَاحِلَ الْبَحْرِ حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَخَذُوا سَاحِلَ الْبَحْرِ ‏.‏ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفُوا قِبَلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَحْرَمُوا كُلُّهُمْ إِلاَّ أَبَا قَتَادَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ…

Narrated by Abu Qatāda

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih Muslim 1196h

" He (the Holy Prophet) said: 15 there any- thing out of it? They said: We have its leg with us. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took it and ate it."

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا فُضَيْلُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ النُّمَيْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، - رضى الله عنه - أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا…

Narrated by Abu Qatāda

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Mishkat al-Masabih 2697

Abu Qatada said that he went out with God’s messenger and stayed behind with some of his companions who were in the sacred state, although he was not. They saw a wild ass before Abu Qatada saw it, and when they saw it they ignored it; but when he saw it he mounted a horse of his and asked them to…

وَعَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَتَخَلَّفَ مَعَ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ وَهُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُحْرِمٍ فَرَأَوْا حِمَارًا وَحْشِيًّا قَبْلَ أَنْ…

Also reported by… (3)
  • الأنوار في شمائل النبي المختار (966)خَرَجَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ، صَلَّى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَتَخَلَّفَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ مَعَ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ وَهُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ ، وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُحْرِمٍ ، فَرَأَوْا حِمَارًا وَحْشِيًّا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرَاهُ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ تَرَكُوهُ حَتَّى رَآهُ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ ، فَرَكِبَ فَرَسًا لَهُ
  • السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (9188)أَحْرَمْنَا ، وَكَانَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ لَمْ يُحْرِمْ ، فَرَأَيْنَا حُمْرَ وَحْشٍ فَعَقَرَ مِنْهَا أَتَانًا ، فَنَزَلْنَا ، فَأَكَلْنَا مِنْ لَحْمِهَا ، ثُمَّ حَمَلْنَا مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ لَحْمِهَا , فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ : هَلْ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهَا ، أَوْ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهَ
  • مستخرج أبي عوانة (2894)هَلْ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهَا ؟ قَالُوا : لا ، قَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ : كُلُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ لَحْمِهَا

On the same subject

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 2914

That he was in the company of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and when they had covered a portion of the road to Mecca, he and some of the companions lagged behind. The latter were in a state of Ihram, while he was not. He saw an onager and rode his horse and requested his companions to give him his lash but…

أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِبَعْضِ طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ تَخَلَّفَ مَعَ أَصْحَابٍ لَهُ مُحْرِمِينَ وَهْوَ غَيْرُ مُحْرِمٍ، فَرَأَى حِمَارًا وَحْشِيًّا فَاسْتَوَى عَلَى فَرَسِهِ…

Narrated by Abu Qatāda + 5 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 1821

My father set out (for Mecca) in the year of Al-Hudaibiya, and his companions assumed Ihram, but he did not. At that time the Prophet (ﷺ) was informed that an enemy wanted to attack him, so the Prophet (ﷺ) proceeded onwards. While my father was among his companions, some of them laughed among…

أَصَبْتُ حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ، وَعِنْدِي مِنْهُ فَاضِلَةٌ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لِلْقَوْمِ ‏"‏ كُلُوا ‏"‏ وَهُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Qatāda + 3 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 5407

Once, while I was sitting with the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) at a station on the road to Mecca and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was stationing ahead of us and all the people were assuming Ihram while I was not. My companion, saw an onager while I was busy Mending my shoes. They did not Inform me of…

مَعَكُمْ مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَنَاوَلْتُهُ الْعَضُدَ فَأَكَلَهَا حَتَّى تَعَرَّقَهَا، وَهْوَ مُحْرِمٌ‏

Narrated by Abu Qatāda + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 1822

That his father said "We proceeded with the Prophet (ﷺ) in the year of Al-Hudaibiya and his companions assumed Ihram but I did not. We were informed that some enemies were at Ghaiqa and so we went on towards them. My companions saw an onager and some of them started laughing among themselves. I…

إِنَّا اصَّدْنَا حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ، وَإِنَّ عِنْدَنَا فَاضِلَةً‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لأَصْحَابِهِ ‏"‏ كُلُوا ‏"‏‏.‏ وَهُمْ مُحْرِمُونَ‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Qatāda

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1196a

We went with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) till we reached al-Qaha (a place three stages away from Medina). Some of us were in the state of Ihram and some of us were not. I saw my companions looking towards something, and as I saw I found It to be a wild ass. I saddled my horse and took up my spear…

كُنَّا بِالْقَاحَةِ فَمِنَّا الْمُحْرِمُ وَمِنَّا غَيْرُ الْمُحْرِمِ إِذْ بَصُرْتُ بِأَصْحَابِي يَتَرَاءَوْنَ شَيْئًا فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا حِمَارُ وَحْشٍ ‏.‏ فَأَسْرَجْتُ فَرَسِي وَأَخَذْتُ رُمْحِي ثُمَّ رَكِبْتُ فَسَقَطَ…

Narrated by Abu Qatāda

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