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Sahih al-BukhariOppressions

Indeed, wine has been declared unlawful

Chapter: Spilling wine on the way

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 2464

Narrator:Anas ibn Mālik

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ أَبُو يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا عَفَّانُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ثَابِتٌ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ

كُنْتُ سَاقِيَ الْقَوْمِ فِي مَنْزِلِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، وَكَانَ خَمْرُهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْفَضِيخَ، فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُنَادِيًا يُنَادِي ‏"‏ أَلاَ إِنَّ الْخَمْرَ قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو طَلْحَةَ اخْرُجْ فَأَهْرِقْهَا، فَخَرَجْتُ فَهَرَقْتُهَا، فَجَرَتْ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ قَدْ قُتِلَ قَوْمٌ وَهْىَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ‏.‏ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ‏‏{‏لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا‏}‏ الآيَةَ‏.‏

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported:

I was the people's cup-bearer in the house of Abu Talhah, and their wine at that time was Fadīkh. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) commanded a caller to call out: Indeed, wine has been declared unlawful. He said: So Abu Talhah said to me: Go out and spill it. I went out, and I spilled it, and it was flowing in the paths of Madīnah. Some of the people said: Some people had been killed when it was in their bellies. Thereupon, Allah revealed: {There is no blame on those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they consumed...} [Surat al-Mā’idah: 93].

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 2464, 4620) and Muslim (No. 1980a).

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Explanation

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he was serving drink to those in the house of his stepfather, Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him), and their wine at that time was Fadīkh—a mixture of dates and unripe dates. Then, a caller from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) announced: Indeed, wine has been declared unlawful. He said: Abu Talhah said to me: Go and pour it out and spill it. So, I went and poured it out and spilled it, and the wine flowed through the streets of Madīnah. Some people said: Some of the Companions had been killed before its prohibition while it was still in their bellies. Thereupon, Allah revealed:

{There is no blame on those who believe and do righteous deeds for what they consumed...} [Sūrat al-Mā’idah: 93]. This means: There is no sin incurred on those who believe for what they consumed of the wine before its prohibition.

Lessons

  • The merit of Abu Talhah and the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) as they swiftly and unquestioningly responded to the command of Allah, and this is the attitude that befits a true Muslim.
  • "Khamr": A name that includes all intoxicants.
  • "Fadīkh": A drink made from unripe and ripe dates without being exposed to fire. "Busr" refers to the fruit of the date palm before it ripens.
  • Ibn Hajar said: Al-Muhallab stated: The wine was poured out in the street to publicly announce its rejection and to make its abandonment widely known. This served a greater benefit than the harm caused by pouring it into the street.
  • Clarifying Allah's mercy towards His slaves and that He does not hold them accountable for actions committed before the revelation of the ruling.
  • Allah Almighty prohibited Khamr due to its evil consequences that harm the mind and wealth, and because it leads people to commit many sins as a result of the loss of their mind.

Explanation in Arabic

أخبر أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه أنه كان في سقايةِ مَن كان في منزل زوجِ أمه أبي طلحة رضي الله عنه، وكان خمرهم يومئذ الفضيخ، خليط التمر وبُسره، فإذا منادي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ينادي: ألا إن الخمر قد حرمت، قال: فقال لي أبو طلحة: اخرج، فصبّها واسكبها، فخرجت فصببتها وسكبتها، فَجَرَت الخمر في سكك المدينة، فقال بعض القوم: قد قتل بعض الصحابة قبل تحريمها وهي في بطونهم، فأنزل الله:

{لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوا}

[المائدة: 93] الآية.

أي: ليس على الذين آمنوا إثم فيما طعموا وشربوا من الخمر قبل تحريمها.

  • فضل أبي طلحة والصحابة رضي الله عنهم، إذ استجابوا لأمر الله بسرعة ودون سؤال، وهذا هو الذي ينبغي للمسلم الحق.
  • الخمر: هي اسم شامل لكل مسكر.
  • الفضيخ: شراب يتخذ من البسر والتمر من غير أن تمسه النار، والبسر: هو ثمر النخل قبل أن يرطب.
  • قال ابن حجر: قال المهلب: إنما صبت الخمر في الطريق للإعلان برفضها وليشهر تركها، وذلك أرجح في المصلحة من التأذي بصبها في الطريق.
  • بيان رحمة الله بعباده، وأنه لا يحاسب على الفعل قبل إنزال الحكم.
  • حرم الله عز وجل الخمر؛ لما فيها من مفاسد تعود بالضرر على العقل والمال، وبسببها يرتكب الإنسان الكثير من الذنوب؛ لغياب عقله.

Classical commentary

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani — Fath al-Bari

قَوْلُهُ : ( حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّد بْن عَبْد الرَّحِيم ) هُوَ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِصَاعِقَة , وَشَيْخه عَفَّان مِنْ كِبَارِ شُيُوخ الْبُخَارِيّ وَأَكْثَر مَا يُحَدِّثُ عَنْهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ بِوَاسِطَة. قَوْلُهُ : ( كُنْت سَاقِيَ الْقَوْم ) سَيَأْتِي تَسْمِيَة مَنْ عُرِفَ مِنْهُمْ فِي كِتَاب الْأَشْرِبَة مَعَ الْكَلَام عَلَيْهِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. قَوْلُهُ : ( فَجَرَتْ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ ) أَيْ طُرُقِهَا , وَفِي السِّيَاقِ حَذْف تَقْدِيره حُرِّمَتْ فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِإِرَاقَتِهَا فَأُرِيقَتْ فَجَرَتْ , وَسَيَأْتِي مَزِيد بَيَان لِذَلِكَ فِي تَفْسِير الْمَائِدَة. قَالَ الْمُهَلَّب : إِنَّمَا صُبَّتْ الْخَمْر فِي الطَّرِيقِ لِلْإِعْلَانِ بِرَفْضِهَا وَل…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Bukharid. 256 AH Authenticصحيح The hadith صحيح البخاري No. 2464

Other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 4620

The alcoholic drink which was spilled was Al-Fadikh. I used to offer alcoholic drinks to the people at the residence of Abu Talha. Then the order of prohibiting Alcoholic drinks was revealed, and the Prophet ordered somebody to announce that: Abu Talha said to me, "Go out and see what this voice…

الْخَمْرَ قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لِي اذْهَبْ فَأَهْرِقْهَا‏.‏ قَالَ فَجَرَتْ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ‏.‏ قَالَ وَكَانَتْ خَمْرُهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْفَضِيخَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ قُتِلَ قَوْمٌ وَهْىَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ…

Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih Muslim 1980a

I was the cup-bearer of some people in the house of Abu Talha on the day when liquor was forbidden. Their liquor had been prepared from dry dates or fresh dates when the announcer made the announcement. He (Abu Talha) said to me: Go out and find out (what the announcement is). I got out (and found)…

كُنْتُ سَاقِيَ الْقَوْمِ يَوْمَ حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ وَمَا شَرَابُهُمْ إِلاَّ الْفَضِيخُ الْبُسْرُ وَالتَّمْرُ ‏.‏ فَإِذَا مُنَادٍ يُنَادِي فَقَالَ اخْرُجْ فَانْظُرْ فَخَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا مُنَادٍ…

Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik

Also reported by… (4)
  • السنن الصغير للبيهقي (1527)إِنَّ الْخَمْرَ قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ ، قَالَ : فَجَرَتْ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ : اخْرُجْ ، فَأَهْرِقْهَا ، فَأَهْرَقْتُهَا ، فَقَالُوا : أَوْ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : قُتِلَ فُلانٌ ، وَهِيَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ ، قَالَ : فَلا أَدْرِي هُوَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَنَسٍ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَل
  • السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (15931)سَاقِيَ الْقَوْمِ يَوْمَ حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ، وَمَا شَرَابُهُمْ إِلا الْفَضِيخُ الْبُسْرُ وَالتَّمْرُ ، فَإِذَا مُنَادٍ يُنَادِي قَالَ : اخْرُجْ فَانْظُرْ ، فَخَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا مُنَادٍ يُنَادِي : أَلا إِنَّ الْخَمْرَ قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ ، قَالَ : فَجَرَتْ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ
  • مستخرج أبي عوانة (6268)الْخَمْرَ قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ ، قَالَ : فَجَرَتْ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو طَلْحَةَ : اخْرُجْ , فَأَهْرِقْهَا ، فَأَهْرَقْتُهَا ، فَقَالَوا ، أَوْ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : قُتِلَ فُلانٌ وُقُتِلَ فُلانٌ وَهِيَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ ، فَلا أَدْرِي هُوَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَنَسٍ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ و
  • معرفة السنن والآثار للبيهقي (4584)إِنَّ الْخَمْرَ قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ , قَالَ : فَجَرَتْ فِي سِكَكِ الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ : اخْرُجْ فَأَهْرِقْهَا

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Muwatta Malik 1552

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ishaq ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Talha that Anas ibn Malik said, "I was serving wine to Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah and Abu Talha al-Ansari and Umayy ibn Kab. The wine had been prepared from crushed ripe dates and dried dates. Someone came to them and said, 'Wine has been…

وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَسْقِي أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ وَأَبَا طَلْحَةَ الأَنْصَارِيَّ وَأُبَىَّ بْنَ…

Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik + 2 other versions

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 3652

‘Abdallah b. ‘Amr told that the Prophet forbade wine, maisir, the kuba and ghubaira,* saying, “Every intoxicant is prohibited.” Abd Dawud transmitted it. *This is a comprehensive tradition not exclusively dealing with intoxicants, although the Prophet’s words might suggest that it does. Maisir was…

وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو: أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ وَالْكُوبَةِ وَالْغُبَيْرَاءِ وَقَالَ: «كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr + 2 other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih Muslim 2003a

Every intoxicant is Khamr (alcoholic drink), and every intoxicant is prohibited. Whoever drinks Khamr in this world and dies while being addicted to it without repenting will not drink it in the Hereafter

"Every intoxicant is Khamr (alcoholic drink), and every intoxicant is prohibited. Whoever drinks Khamr in this world and dies while being addicted to it without repenting will not drink it in the Hereafter."

كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ خَمْرٌ وَكُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ وَمَنْ شَرِبَ الْخَمْرَ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَمَاتَ وَهُوَ يُدْمِنُهَا لَمْ يَتُبْ لَمْ يَشْرَبْهَا فِي الآخِرَةِ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 30 other versions Explained

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