Sunan Abu Dawud 3518

Chapter: Regarding Pre-Emption

Differing grades 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 3518

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏

الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا ‏"

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah:

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: The neighbour is most entitled to the right of pre-emption, and he should wait for its exercise even if he is absent, when the two properties have one road.

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 3518), At-Tirmidhi (No. 1369), Ibn Majah (No. 2494) and Ahmad (No. 13735).

Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( يُنْتَظَر ) : عَلَى الْبِنَاء لِلْمَفْعُولِ ( بِهَا ) : أَيْ بِالشُّفْعَةِ. قَالَ اِبْن رَسْلَان : يُحْتَمَل اِنْتِظَار الصَّبِيّ بِالشُّفْعَةِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغ. وَقَدْ أَخْرَجَ الطَّبَرَانِيّ فِي الصَّغِير وَالْأَوْسَط عَنْ جَابِر أَيْضًا قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " الصَّبِيّ عَلَى شُفْعَته حَتَّى يُدْرِك فَإِذَا أَدْرَكَ فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ " وَفِي إِسْنَاده عَبْد اللَّه بْن بَزِيع قَالَهُ فِي النَّيْل وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا فِيهِ دَلِيل عَلَى أَنَّ شُفْعَة الْغَائِب لَا تَبْطُل وَإِنْ تَرَاخَى ( إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقهمَا وَاحِدًا ) : قَالَ فِي النَّيْل : فِيهِ دَلِيل عَلَى أَنَّ الْجَوَاز بِمُجَرَّدِهِ لَا تَثْبُت بِهِ الشُّفْعَة بَلْ لَا…

Scholars’ grades

The 4 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

Scholar	Grade	Applies to	Work
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH	AuthenticSahih صحيح	The hadith	No. 3518
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH	Good (hasan)Hasan	The hadith	No. 3518
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH	Good chain (hasan)Isnaad Hasan	The chain only	No. 3518
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH	AuthenticSahih	The hadith	No. 3518

Other versions

Differing grades Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1369

that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The neighbor has more right to his preemption. He is to be waited for even if he is absent, when their paths are the same."

"‏ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَتِهِ يُنْتَظَرُ بِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا ‏"

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh

Differing grades Sunan Ibn Majah 2494

“The neighbor has more right to preemption of his neighbor, so let him wait for him even if he is absent, if they share a path.”

"‏ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا إِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا ‏"

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh

Not graded Musnad Ahmad 13735

حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا وَإِنْ…

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh Arabic only

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 903

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The neighbor is most entitled to the right of option to buy his neighbor's property, and its exercise should be waited for, even if he is absent, if the two properties have one road." [Reported by Ahmad and al-Arba'a; its narrators are reliable (thiqah)].

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ اَلْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ, يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا ‏- وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ‏- إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا } رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ…

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 2967

Jabir reported God’s Messenger as saying, “The neighbour is most entitled to the right of option and its exercise should be waited for even if he is absent, when the two properties have one road.” Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَتِهِ يُنْتَظَرُ لَهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا» . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ…

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh

Also reported by… (12)

التحقيق في مسائل الخلاف لابن الجوزي (1564)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ ، يَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا إِذَا كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (10702)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ أَخِيهِ ، يَنْتَظِرُ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا
السنن الكبرى للنسائي (6088)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ ، يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا ، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا
السنن الكبرى للنسائي (11233)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ , يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا , وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا , إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقَهُمَا وَاحِدًا
المعجم الأوسط للطبراني (5606)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ ، وَيُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا إِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا
المعجم الأوسط للطبراني (8619)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ ، مُنْتَظَرٌ بِهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا
تاريخ دمشق لابن عساكر (10780)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ بِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا .
مختصر الأحكام المستخرج على جامع الترمذي (1168)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ ، يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا
مسند أبي داود الطيالسي (1772)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا ، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهَما وَاحِدًا
مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (20699)الشَّفِيعُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ , يَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إذَا كَانَتْ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا
مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (22115)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ إذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ غَائِبًا
موضح أوهام الجمع والتفريق للخطيب (1802)الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِشُفْعَةِ جَارِهِ يَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا إِذَا كَانَ غَائِبًا ، إِذَا كَانَ طَرِيقُهُمَا وَاحِدًا

On the same subject

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 900

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ruled that the option to buy a partner's share in property is applicable to everything that has not been divided. However, when boundaries are fixed and separate roads are made there is no partner's option." [Agreed upon; the wording is al-Bukhari's].

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ ‏-رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا‏- قَالَ: { قَضَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-" بِالشُّفْعَةِ فِي كُلِّ مَا لَمْ يُقْسَمْ, فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ اَلْحُدُودُ وَصُرِّفَتْ اَلطُّرُقُ…

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh + 13 other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 900b

"The option to buy a partner's share in property is applicable to everything which is shared, whether land, a dwelling or a garden and it is not lawful to sell before informing one's partner."

وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مُسْلِمٍ: { اَلشُّفْعَةُ فِي كُلِّ شِرْكٍ: أَرْضٍ, أَوْ رَبْعٍ, أَوْ حَائِطٍ, لَا يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَتَّى يَعْرِضَ عَلَى شَرِيكِهِ } 1‏ .‏ ‏1 ‏- صحيح.‏ رواه مسلم ( 1608 )‏ ( 135 )‏ وزاد: " فيأخذ أو…

+ 8 other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 901

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The neighbor has more right (to be given preference) to the property which is near to him." [al-Bukhari reported it, and there is a story related to it].

وَعَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ اَلْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِصَقَبِهِ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ, وَفِيهِ قِصَّةٌ 1‏ .‏ ‏1 ‏- صحيح.‏ رواه البخاري ( 2258 )‏ من طريق…

Narrated by Abu Rāfi + 2 other versions

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 2971

‘Uthman b. ‘Affan said that when boundaries have been set up in land there is no option to buy neighbouring property, and that the option does not apply to a well or to male palm-trees. Malik transmitted it.

عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَا شُفْعَةَ فِيهَا. وَلَا شُفْعَةَ فِي بِئْرٍ وَلَا فَحل النّخل. رَوَاهُ مَالك

Narrated by Uthmān ibn ‘Affān + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 6978

Abu Rafi' said that Sa'd offered him four hundred Mithqal of gold for a house. Abu Rafi ' said, "If I had not heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, 'A neighbor has more right to be taken care of by his neighbor,' then I would not have given it to you." Some people said, "If one has bought a portion…

الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِصَقَبِهِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Rāfi + 2 other versions

Authentic Sunan an-Nasa'i 4703

"O Messenger of Allah, not one else has any share in my land, but there are neighbors." He said: "The neighbor has more right to property that is near."

"‏ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ ‏"

Narrated by Ash-Sharīd ibn Suwayd + 4 other versions

Sunan Abu Dawud 3518

Classical commentary

Scholars’ grades

Other versions

that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The neighbor has more right to his preemption. He is to be waited for even if he is absent, when their paths are the same."

“The neighbor has more right to preemption of his neighbor, so let him wait for him even if he is absent, if they share a path.”

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The neighbor is most entitled to the right of option to buy his neighbor's property, and its exercise should be waited for, even if he is absent, if the two properties have one road." [Reported by Ahmad and al-Arba'a; its narrators are reliable (thiqah)].

Jabir reported God’s Messenger as saying, “The neighbour is most entitled to the right of option and its exercise should be waited for even if he is absent, when the two properties have one road.” Ahmad, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

On the same subject

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ruled that the option to buy a partner's share in property is applicable to everything that has not been divided. However, when boundaries are fixed and separate roads are made there is no partner's option." [Agreed upon; the wording is al-Bukhari's].

"The option to buy a partner's share in property is applicable to everything which is shared, whether land, a dwelling or a garden and it is not lawful to sell before informing one's partner."

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The neighbor has more right (to be given preference) to the property which is near to him." [al-Bukhari reported it, and there is a story related to it].

‘Uthman b. ‘Affan said that when boundaries have been set up in land there is no option to buy neighbouring property, and that the option does not apply to a well or to male palm-trees. Malik transmitted it.

"O Messenger of Allah, not one else has any share in my land, but there are neighbors." He said: "The neighbor has more right to property that is near."

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