This theme first gathers the verses in which Allah is witness over all things, then those that make the Messenger ﷺ a witness over his community and the community a witness over mankind. It also covers the rules of testimony: not concealing it, testifying only to what one knows, requiring an upright witness, rejecting false testimony, and the witnesses required in cases of slanderous accusation.
Verses gathered from a topical index of the Quran, in Mushaf order; every verse is quoted in full.
Or do you say that Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants were Jews or Christians? Say, "Are you more knowing or is Allāh?" And who is more unjust than one who conceals a testimony he has from Allāh? And Allāh is not unaware of what you do.
O you who have believed, testimony [should be taken] among you when death approaches one of you at the time of bequest - [that of] two just men from among you or two others from outside if you are traveling through the land and the disaster of death should strike you. Detain them after the prayer and let them both swear by Allāh if you doubt [their testimony, saying], "We will not exchange it [i.e., our oath] for a price [i.e., worldly gain], even if he should be a near relative, and we will not withhold the testimony of [i.e., ordained by] Allāh. Indeed, we would then be of the sinful."
