This theme first gathers the verses in which Allah is witness over all things, then those that make the Messenger ﷺ a witness over his community and the community a witness over mankind. It also covers the rules of testimony: not concealing it, testifying only to what one knows, requiring an upright witness, rejecting false testimony, and the witnesses required in cases of slanderous accusation.
Verses gathered from a topical index of the Quran, in Mushaf order; every verse is quoted in full.
And thus We have made you a median [i.e., just] community that you will be witnesses over the people and the Messenger will be a witness over you. And We did not make the qiblah which you used to face except that We might make evident who would follow the Messenger from who would turn back on his heels. And indeed, it is difficult except for those whom Allāh has guided. And never would Allāh have caused you to lose your faith [i.e., your previous prayers]. Indeed Allāh is, to the people, Kind and Merciful.
And strive for Allāh with the striving due to Him. He has chosen you and has not placed upon you in the religion any difficulty. [It is] the religion of your father, Abraham. He [i.e., Allāh] named you "Muslims" before [in former scriptures] and in this [revelation] that the Messenger may be a witness over you and you may be witnesses over the people. So establish prayer and give zakāh and hold fast to Allāh. He is your protector; and excellent is the protector, and excellent is the helper.
