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Jami' at-TirmidhiThe Book on Fasting

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 685

Chapter: What Has Been Related About: Do Not Precede The Month With Fasting

Authentic 4 scholars’ grades Jami' at-Tirmidhi 685

Narrator:Abu Hurayrah

حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏

"‏ لاَ تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِصِيَامٍ قَبْلَهُ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ ‏"

Abu Hurairah narrated that :

the Messenger of Allah said: "Do no precede the month of Ramadan by fasting a day or two before it, unless it is the case of a man who normally performs some fast, then let him fast it."

Reported by At-Tirmidhi (No. 685), Ibn Majah (No. 1650) and Ahmad (No. 9794, 10337).

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Classical commentary

Al-Mubarakfuri — Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi

قَوْلُهُ : ( لَا تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِصِيَامٍ قَبْلَهُ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ ) إِنَّمَا اِقْتَصَرَ عَلَى يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ لِأَنَّهُ الْغَالِبُ فِيمَنْ يَقْصِدُ ذَلِكَ وَقَدْ قَطَعَ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ الشَّافِعِيَّةِ بِأَنَّ اِبْتِدَاءَ الْمَنْعِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ السَّادِسَ عَشَرَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ بِحَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ مَرْفُوعًا : " إِذَا اِنْتَصَفَ شَعْبَانُ فَلَا تَصُومُوا " أَخْرَجَهُ أَصْحَابُ السُّنَنِ وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّانَ وَغَيْرُهُ , وَقَالَ الرُّويَانِيُّ مِنْ الشَّافِعِيَّةِ : يَحْرُمُ التَّقَدُّمُ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ لِحَدِيثِ الْبَابِ , وَيُكْرَهُ التَّقَدُّمُ مِنْ نِصْفِ شَعْبَانَ لِلْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ. وَقَالَ جُمْهُورُ الْعُلَمَاءِ يَجُوزُ الصَّوْمُ تَطَو…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 685
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih Muslim The hadith No. 685
Ahmad Shakird. 1377 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 685
Bashar Awwad Ma'ruf AuthenticHasan Sahih The hadith No. 685

Other versions

Also reported by… (2)
  • المنتقى من السنن المسندة (373)أَلا لا تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلا رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ
  • تغليق التعليق لابن حجر (690)لا تَقَدَّمُوا رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ وَلا بِيَوْمَيْنِ إِلا رَجُلا كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1221

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Observe Saum (fast) on sighting the crescent and terminate it on sighting it (the new moon), but if the sky is cloudy before you, then complete the number (thirty days) of the month." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏"‏صوموا لرؤيته، وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن غَبِيَ عليكم فأكملوا عدة شعبان ثلاثين‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه وهذا لفظ البخاري‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏ وفي رواية مسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏فإن غم عليكم فصوموا ثلاثين…

+ 24 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1224

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do not observe Saum (fasting) for a day or two days preceding Ramadan. However, if a person is in the habit of observing Saum on a particular day (which may fall on these dates), he may fast on that day." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

"‏لا يتقدمن أحدكم رمضان بصوم يوم أو يومين، إلا أن يكون رجل كان يصوم صومه، فليصم ذلك اليوم‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 7 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 652

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, "Start fasting after you have seen it (i.e. the new crescent) and end the fast (at the end of the month) when you see it. If it is overcast and cannot be seen, then estimate its sighting (i.e. presume that Sha‘ban lasted for thirty…

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا [ قَالَ ]: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَقُولُ: { إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَصُومُوا, وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا, فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 7 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Muwatta Malik 633

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once mentioned Ramadan and said, "Do not begin the fast until you see the new moon, and do not break the fast (at the end of Ramadan) until you see it. If the new…

"‏ لاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 13 other versions

Not graded Riyad as-Salihin 1225

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Do not observe Saum (fasting) before the advent of Ramadan. Observe Saum at sighting of the crescent of Ramadan and terminate it at sighting the crescent (of Shawwal). If the sky is overcast, complete (the month as) thirty (days)." [At- Tirmidhi].

"‏ لا تصوموا قبل رمضان صوموا لرؤيته وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن حالت دونه فأكملوا ثلاثين يومًا‏"

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās + 2 other versions

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1080b

The month is thus and thus. (He then withdrew his thumb at the third time). He then said: Fast when you see it, and break your fast when you see it, and if the weather is cloudy calculate it (the months of Sha'ban and Shawwal) as thirty days.

الشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا - ثُمَّ عَقَدَ إِبْهَامَهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ - فَصُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدِرُوا لَهُ ثَلاَثِينَ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 1 other version

English
Monday, October 12, 2026 1 جمادى الأولى 1448 هـ

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