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Sunan Ibn MajahFasting

Sunan Ibn Majah 1650

Chapter: What was narrated concerning the prohibition of anticipating Ramadan by fasting before it, except for one who has a habitual pattern of fasting and it coincides with that

Authentic 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Ibn Majah 1650

Narrator:Abu Hurayrah

حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، وَالْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ ‏

"‏ لاَ تَقَدَّمُوا صِيَامَ رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ وَلاَ بِيَوْمَيْنِ إِلاَّ رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَيَصُومُهُ ‏"

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

‘Do not anticipate Ramadan by fasting one or two days before, except for a man who has a habitual pattern of fasting, in which case let him fast.”

Reported by Ibn Majah (No. 1650), At-Tirmidhi (No. 685) and Ahmad (No. 9794, 10337).

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Classical commentary

Al-Sindi — Hashiyat al-Sindi on Sunan Ibn Majah

قَوْله ( لَا تَقَدَّمُوا ) مِنْ التَّقْدِيم بِحَذْفِ إِحْدَى التَّاءَيْنِ أَيْ لَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوهُ بِصَوْمِ يَوْم أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ وَحَمَلَهُ كَثِير مِنْ الْعُلَمَاء عَلَى أَنْ يَكُون بِنِيَّةِ رَمَضَان أَوْ لِتَكْثِيرِ عَدَد صِيَامه أَوْ لِزِيَادَةِ اِحْتِيَاطه بِأَمْرِ رَمَضَان وَعَلَى صَوْم يَوْم الشَّكّ إِذْ لَا يَقَع الشَّكّ عَادَة فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَالِاسْتِثْنَاء بِقَوْلِهِ إِلَّا رَجُل إِلَخْ لَا يُنَاسِب التَّأْوِيلَات الْأُخَر إِذْ لَازِمه جَوَاز صَوْم يَوْم أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ قَبْل رَمَضَان لِمَنْ يَعْتَاد بِنِيَّةِ رَمَضَان مَثَلًا وَهَذَا فَاسِد وَالْوَجْه أَنْ يُحْمَل النَّهْي عَلَى الدَّوَام أَيْ لَا تُدَاوِمُوا عَلَى التَّقَدُّم لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ إِيهَام لُحُوق هَذَا الصَّوْم بِرَمَ…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 1650
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 1650
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih - Bukhari And Muslim The hadith No. 1650
Muhammad Fu'ad Abd al-Baqid. 1388 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 1650

Other versions

Authentic Jami' at-Tirmidhi 685

the Messenger of Allah said: "Do no precede the month of Ramadan by fasting a day or two before it, unless it is the case of a man who normally performs some fast, then let him fast it."

"‏ لاَ تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِصِيَامٍ قَبْلَهُ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Also reported by… (2)
  • المنتقى من السنن المسندة (373)أَلا لا تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلا رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ
  • تغليق التعليق لابن حجر (690)لا تَقَدَّمُوا رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ وَلا بِيَوْمَيْنِ إِلا رَجُلا كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1221

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Observe Saum (fast) on sighting the crescent and terminate it on sighting it (the new moon), but if the sky is cloudy before you, then complete the number (thirty days) of the month." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏"‏صوموا لرؤيته، وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن غَبِيَ عليكم فأكملوا عدة شعبان ثلاثين‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه وهذا لفظ البخاري‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏ وفي رواية مسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏فإن غم عليكم فصوموا ثلاثين…

+ 24 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1224

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do not observe Saum (fasting) for a day or two days preceding Ramadan. However, if a person is in the habit of observing Saum on a particular day (which may fall on these dates), he may fast on that day." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

"‏لا يتقدمن أحدكم رمضان بصوم يوم أو يومين، إلا أن يكون رجل كان يصوم صومه، فليصم ذلك اليوم‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 7 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 652

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, "Start fasting after you have seen it (i.e. the new crescent) and end the fast (at the end of the month) when you see it. If it is overcast and cannot be seen, then estimate its sighting (i.e. presume that Sha‘ban lasted for thirty…

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا [ قَالَ ]: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَقُولُ: { إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَصُومُوا, وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا, فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 7 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Muwatta Malik 633

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once mentioned Ramadan and said, "Do not begin the fast until you see the new moon, and do not break the fast (at the end of Ramadan) until you see it. If the new…

"‏ لاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 13 other versions

Not graded Riyad as-Salihin 1225

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Do not observe Saum (fasting) before the advent of Ramadan. Observe Saum at sighting of the crescent of Ramadan and terminate it at sighting the crescent (of Shawwal). If the sky is overcast, complete (the month as) thirty (days)." [At- Tirmidhi].

"‏ لا تصوموا قبل رمضان صوموا لرؤيته وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن حالت دونه فأكملوا ثلاثين يومًا‏"

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās + 2 other versions

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1080b

The month is thus and thus. (He then withdrew his thumb at the third time). He then said: Fast when you see it, and break your fast when you see it, and if the weather is cloudy calculate it (the months of Sha'ban and Shawwal) as thirty days.

الشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا - ثُمَّ عَقَدَ إِبْهَامَهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ - فَصُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدِرُوا لَهُ ثَلاَثِينَ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 1 other version

English
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