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Jami' at-TirmidhiThe Book on Salat (Prayer)

I saw Bilāl going out to Al-Abtah to make Adhān. When he reached: "Come to prayer! Come to success!" He turned his neck right and left and did not turn around

Chapter: What Has Been Related About Putting The Fingers In The Ears For The Adhan

Authentic 4 scholars’ grades Jami' at-Tirmidhi 197

Narrator:Abu Juhayfah

حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ رَأَيْتُ بِلاَلاً يُؤَذِّنُ وَيَدُورُ وَيُتْبِعُ فَاهُ هَا هُنَا وَهَا هُنَا وَإِصْبَعَاهُ فِي أُذُنَيْهِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي قُبَّةٍ لَهُ حَمْرَاءَ أُرَاهُ قَالَ

مِنْ أَدَمٍ فَخَرَجَ بِلاَلٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ بِالْعَنَزَةِ فَرَكَزَهَا بِالْبَطْحَاءِ فَصَلَّى إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ الْكَلْبُ وَالْحِمَارُ وَعَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ حَمْرَاءُ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَرِيقِ سَاقَيْهِ

Abu Juhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I saw Bilāl make the Adhān, turning his mouth from side to side, and both his fingers were in his ears. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was in a red tent. (I think the narrator said that it was made of leather). Bilāl went in front of him with a stick and planted it in the flat ground. Then the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prayed facing it, while dogs and donkeys passed in front of him, and he was wearing a red garment. It is as though I see the glitter of his shins." Another narration reads: "I saw Bilāl going out to Al-Abtah to make Adhān. When he reached: "Come to prayer! Come to success!" he turned his neck right and left and did not turn around."

Reported by At-Tirmidhi (No. 197) and Ahmad (No. 18010).

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Explanation

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was staying at Al-Abtah in Makkah. Bilāl came out with the water remaining from the ablution of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and the people came to seek blessings from it. Then, Bilāl made the Adhān. Abu Juhayfah said: I was looking at Bilāl's mouth as he turned right and left upon saying "Come to success," so that the people would hear it. These two phrases are to urge people to come to prayer. Then, a short stick was stuck in the ground for the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to act as a screen for him during his prayer. He then offered two Rak‘ahs for Zhuhr prayer and continued to offer two Rak‘ahs for all the four unit prayers until he returned to Madīnah. The prayers were shortened in that way because he was traveling.

Explanation in Arabic

كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم نازلاً في الأبطح في أعلى مكة، فخرج بلال بفضل وَضُوءِ النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وجعَلَ الناس يتبركون به، وَأذَّن بلال.

قال أبو جحيفة: فجعلت أتتبع فم بلال، وهو يلتفت يميناً وشمالا عند قوله "حي على الفلاح"؛ ليسمع الناس، حيث إن الصيغتين حث على المجيء إلى الصلاة.

ثم رُكِزت لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رمح قصيرة؛ لتكون سترة له في صلاته، فصلى الظهر ركعتين.

ثم لم يزل يصلى الرباعية ركعتين حتى رجع إلى المدينة، لكونه مسافراً.

  • مشروعية الالتفات في الحيعلتين يميناً وشمالاً.
  • ظاهر الحديث أنه يلتفت في كل الجملة (حي على..) لا في بعضها، وأما ما يفعله بعض المؤذنين من أنه يقول: (حيَّ على) ثم يلتفت، فهذا خلاف السنة.
  • للالتفات فائدتان: الأولى: أنه أرفع للصوت وأبلغ في الإعلام، لا سيما في الحيعلتين؛ لأنهما خطاب ونداء، وغيرهما من الألفاظ ذِكْرٌ. الثانية: أنه علامة للمؤذن، ليعرف من يراه على بُعْدٍ أو من كان به صمم أنه يؤذن.
  • مشروعية وضع الإصبعين في الأذنين لقوله: (وإصبعاه في أذنيه) لأنه أجمع للصوت، ولأنه علامة على المؤذن.
  • مشروعية الأذان، وأنه من شعائر الدين الظاهرة.
  • استحباب استقبال القبلة في الأذان.

Classical commentary

Al-Mubarakfuri — Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi

قَوْلُهُ : ( عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ ) بِتَقْدِيمِ الْجِيمِ عَلَى الْحَاءِ مُصَغَّرًا السَّوَائِيُّ ثِقَةٌ ( عَنْ أَبِيهِ ) هُوَ أَبُو جُحَيْفَةَ وَاسْمُهُ وَهْبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ السَّوَائِيُّ مَشْهُورٌ بِكُنْيَتِهِ , وَيُقَالُ لَهُ وَهْبُ الْخَيْرِ صَحَابِيٌّ مَعْرُوفٌ وَصَحِبَ عَلِيًّا مَاتَ سَنَةَ 74 أَرْبَعٍ وَسَبْعِينَ. قَوْلُهُ : ( رَأَيْت بِلَالًا يُؤَذِّنُ وَيَدُورُ ) أَيْ عِنْدَ الْحَيْعَلَتَيْنِ ( وَيُتْبِعُ ) مِنْ الْإِتْبَاعِ ( فَاهُ ) أَيْ فَمَه ( هَاهُنَا وَهَاهُنَا ) أَيْ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا , وَفِي رِوَايَةِ وَكِيعٍ عِنْدَ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ فَجَعَلْت أَتَتَبَّعُ فَاهُ هَاهُنَا وَهَاهُنَا يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا يَقُولُ حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ. قَا…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 197
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 197
Ahmad Shakird. 1377 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 197
Bashar Awwad Ma'ruf AuthenticHasan Sahih The hadith No. 197

Other versions

Also reported by… (3)
  • الأنوار في شمائل النبي المختار (765)وَعَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ حَمْرَاءُ ، كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَرِيقِ سَاقَيْهِ
  • الشمائل المحمدية للترمذي (62)وَعَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ حَمْرَاءُ , كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَرِيقِ سَاقَيْهِ
  • المستدرك على الصحيحين (679)وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي قُبَّةٍ حَمْرَاءَ مِنْ أَدَمٍ ، فَخَرَجَ بِلالٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ بِالْعَنَزَةِ ، فَرَكَزَهَا بِالْبَطْحَاءِ ، فَصَلَّى إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ الْكَلْبُ وَالْحِمَارُ ، وَعَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ حَمْرَاءُ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَرِيقِ سَاقَيْهِ

On the same subject

Not graded Riyad as-Salihin 781

I saw the Prophet (ﷺ) by Al-Abtah valley in Makkah, in a red tent made from tanned skin. Bilal brought him ablution water. Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came out wearing a red mantle; and I can still remember looking at whiteness of his shanks. So he made his ablution, and Bilal (ﷺ) pronounced…

وعن أبى جحيفة وهب بن عبد الله رضى الله عنه قال‏:‏ رأيت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بمكة وهو بالأبطح في قبة له حمراء من آدم، فخرج بلال بوضوئه، فمن ناضح ونائل، فخرج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وعليه حلة حمراء، كأني أنظر إلى…

+ 1 other version

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sunan Abu Dawud 688

The Prophet (ﷺ) led them in prayer at al-Batha', with a staff set up in front of him. (He prayed) two rak'ahs of the Zuhr prayer and two rak'ahs of the 'Asr prayer. The women and the donkeys would pass in front of the staff.

صَلَّى بِهِمْ بِالْبَطْحَاءِ وَبَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَنَزَةٌ الظُّهْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَالْعَصْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَمُرُّ خَلْفَ الْعَنَزَةِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَالْحِمَارُ ‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Juhayfah + 14 other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sunan Abu Dawud 687

When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would go out (for prayer) on the day of 'Id, he ordered to bring a lance, it was then setup in front of him and he would pray in its direction, and the people (stood) behind him. He used to do so during journey ; hence the rulers would take it (lance with them).

إِذَا خَرَجَ يَوْمَ الْعِيدِ أَمَرَ بِالْحَرْبَةِ فَتُوضَعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَيُصَلِّي إِلَيْهَا وَالنَّاسُ وَرَاءَهُ وَكَانَ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ فِي السَّفَرِ فَمِنْ ثَمَّ اتَّخَذَهَا الأُمَرَاءُ ‏.‏

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 3 other versions

Authentic Sunan Ibn Majah 1304

It was narrated from Ibn ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to set out for the praying place in the morning of the day of ‘Eid, and a small spear would be carried before him. When he reached the praying place, it would be set up in front of him, then he would pray facing it, and that was…

كَانَ يَغْدُو إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى فِي يَوْمِ الْعِيدِ وَالْعَنَزَةُ تُحْمَلُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ الْمُصَلَّى نُصِبَتْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَيُصَلِّي إِلَيْهَا

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 2 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 499

that he had heard his father saying, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to us at midday and water was brought for his ablution. He performed ablution and led us in Zuhr and `Asr prayers with a short stpear (or stick) planted in front of him (as a Sutra), while women and donkeys were passing beyond it."

فَصَلَّى بِنَا الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ وَبَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَنَزَةٌ، وَالْمَرْأَةُ وَالْحِمَارُ يَمُرُّونَ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا‏.‏

Narrated by Abu Juhayfah

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