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Sahih MuslimThe Book of Prayer - Two Eids

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) ordered us to bring out the young girls and the girls who stay home on the two Eid days, and ordered the menstruating women to distance themselves from the praying area of the Muslims

Chapter: It Is Permissible For Women To Go Out To The 'Id Prayer And Attend The Khutbah, Separated From The Men

Authentic hadith of Sahih Muslim Sahih Muslim 890a

Narrator:’Umm ‘Atiyyah

حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ، قَالَتْ

أَمَرَنَا - تَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم - أَنْ نُخْرِجَ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ الْعَوَاتِقَ وَذَوَاتِ الْخُدُورِ وَأَمَرَ الْحُيَّضَ أَنْ يَعْتَزِلْنَ مُصَلَّى الْمُسْلِمِينَ ‏.‏

Umm ‘Atiyyah reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) ordered us to bring out the young girls and the girls who stay home on the two Eid days, and ordered the menstruating women to distance themselves from the praying area of the Muslims.

In another version of the Hadīth: “We have been ordered to come out on the Day of Eid, even bring out the virgin girls from their houses and the menstruating women; so they would say Takbīr along with them, invoke Allah along with them; hoping for the blessings of that day and its purification.”

Reported by Muslim (No. 890a).

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Explanation

The days of Eid al-Ad'ha and Eid al-Fitr are from the virtuous days of the year, on which the rituals of Islam become manifest, and Muslims brotherliness is demonstrated through their assembly and alignment on these days. Each country's people come together on a plain land manifesting their unity; solidarity and harmony; unanimously support Islam; raise the word of Allah (Islam); to establish the remembrance of Allah; and demonstrate its rituals.

That is why the Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) ordered all of the women, even the young girls who remain in their homes and the menstruating women, to exit with the Muslims and attend this assembly, provided that they stay away from the area of worship; to attend the great day and supplication of Muslims. They will obtain thereupon some goodness and blessing of that day, and the mercy of Allah and His pleasure.

Attending the two Eids' prayer is a communal obligation on the Muslims.

Explanation in Arabic

يوم عيد الفطر ويوم عيد الأضحى من الأيام المفضلة، التي يظهر فيها شعار الإسلام وتتجلى أخوة المسلمين باجتماعهم وتراصِّهم، كل أهل بلد يلتمون في صعيد واحد إظهاراً لوحدتهم، وتآلفِ قلوبهم، واجتماع كلمتهم على نصرة الإسلام، وإعلاء كلمة الله وإقامة ذكر الله وإظهار شعائره.

لذا أمر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بخروج كل النساء، حتى على الفتيات المستورات في بيوتهن، والنساء الحُيَّض، على أن يكن في ناحية بعيدة عن المصلين، ليشهدن الخير ودعوة المسلمين فيحصل لهن مِن خير ذلك المشهد، ويصيبهن من بركته، ومن رحمة الله ورضوانه، ولتكون الرحمة والقبول أقرب إليهم.

وصلاة العيدين فرض كفاية.

  • مشروعية صلاة العيد للنساء، على شرط ألا يخرجن متبرجات متعطرات لورود النهي عن ذلك.
  • صلاة العيدين فرض كفاية.
  • وجوب اجتناب الحائض المسجد؛ لئلا تلوثه.
  • أن مصلى العيد له حكم المساجد وإن لم يحوط.
  • أن الحائض غير ممنوعة من الدعاء وذكر الله -تعالى-.
  • فضل يوم العيد وكونه مرجوًّا لإجابة الدعاء.
  • مشروعية التكبير في مصلى العيد والجهر به.
  • الاهتمام بتكثير الحاضرين في العيد للدعاء والذكر.
  • من طريقة نساء الصحابة تستر الأبكار ونحوهن في البيوت وعدم خروجهن.

Classical commentary

An-Nawawi — Sharh Sahih Muslim

قَوْلهَا : ( أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نُخْرِج فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ الْعَوَاتِق وَذَوَات الْخُدُور ) قَالَ أَهْل اللُّغَة الْعَوَاتِق جَمْع عَاتِق وَهِيَ الْجَارِيَة الْبَالِغَة , وَقَالَ اِبْن دُرَيْدٍ : هِيَ الَّتِي قَارَبَتْ الْبُلُوغ. قَالَ اِبْن السِّكِّيت : هِيَ مَا بَيْن أَنْ تَبْلُغ إِلَى أَنْ تَعْنُس مَا لَمْ تَتَزَوَّج. وَالتَّعْنِيس طُول الْمَقَام فِي بَيْت أَبِيهَا بِلَا زَوْج حَتَّى تَطْعَنَ فِي السِّنّ. قَالُوا : سُمِّيَتْ عَاتِقًا لِأَنَّهَا عَتَقَتْ مِنْ اِمْتِهَانهَا فِي الْخِدْمَة وَالْخُرُوج فِي الْحَوَائِج , وَقِيلَ : قَارَبَتْ أَنْ تَتَزَوَّج فَتُعْتَق مِنْ قَهْر أَبَوَيْهَا وَأَهْلهَا وَتَسْتَقِلّ فِي بَيْت زَوْجهَا وَالْخُدُور : الْبُيُوت , وَقِيلَ : الْخِدْر سِتْر يَكُون فِي نَاحِيَ…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Muslimd. 261 AH Authenticصحيح The hadith صحيح مسلم No. 890

Other versions

Also reported by… (2)
  • السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (5758)نُخْرِجَ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ الْعَوَاتِقَ وَذَوَاتَ الْخُدُورِ ، وَأَمَرَ الْحُيَّضَ أَنْ يَعْتَزِلْنَ مُصَلَّى الْمُسْلِمِينَ
  • الفصل للوصل المدرج في النقل (434)نُخْرِجَ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ الْعَوَاتِقَ ، وَذَوَاتِ الْخُدُورِ ، وَأَمَرَ الْحُيَّضَ أَنْ يَعْتَزِلْنَ مُصَلَّى الْمُسْلِمِينَ

On the same subject

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 1652

(On `Id) We used to forbid our virgins to go out (for `Id prayer). A lady came and stayed at the fortress of Bani Khalaf. She mentioned that her sister was married to one of the companions of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who participated in twelve Ghazawats along with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and her sister…

لِتَخْرُجِ الْعَوَاتِقُ ذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ ـ أَوِ الْعَوَاتِقُ وَذَوَاتُ الْخُدُورِ ـ وَالْحُيَّضُ، فَيَشْهَدْنَ الْخَيْرَ، وَدَعْوَةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَيَعْتَزِلُ الْحُيَّضُ الْمُصَلَّى ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ الْحَائِضُ‏.‏…

Narrated by ’Umm ‘Atiyyah + 7 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 351

We were ordered to bring out our menstruating women and veiled women in the religious gatherings and invocation of Muslims on the two `Id festivals. These menstruating women were to keep away from their Musalla. A woman asked, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ' What about one who does not have a veil?" He…

أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نُخْرِجَ، الْحُيَّضَ يَوْمَ الْعِيدَيْنِ وَذَوَاتِ الْخُدُورِ، فَيَشْهَدْنَ جَمَاعَةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَدَعْوَتَهُمْ، وَيَعْتَزِلُ الْحُيَّضُ عَنْ مُصَلاَّهُنَّ‏.‏ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ…

Narrated by ’Umm ‘Atiyyah + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 971

We used to be ordered to come out on the Day of `Id and even bring out the virgin girls from their houses and menstruating women so that they might stand behind the men and say Takbir along with them and invoke Allah along with them and hope for the blessings of that day and for purification from…

كُنَّا نُؤْمَرُ أَنْ نَخْرُجَ يَوْمَ الْعِيدِ، حَتَّى نُخْرِجَ الْبِكْرَ مِنْ خِدْرِهَا، حَتَّى نُخْرِجَ الْحُيَّضَ فَيَكُنَّ خَلْفَ النَّاسِ، فَيُكَبِّرْنَ بِتَكْبِيرِهِمْ، وَيَدْعُونَ بِدُعَائِهِمْ يَرْجُونَ بَرَكَةَ…

Narrated by ’Umm ‘Atiyyah

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 981

We were ordered to go out (for `Id) and also to take along with us the menstruating women, mature girls and virgins staying in seclusion. (Ibn `Aun said, "Or mature virgins staying in seclusion)." The menstruating women could present themselves at the religious gathering and invocation of Muslims…

نَخْرُجَ فَنُخْرِجَ الْحُيَّضَ وَالْعَوَاتِقَ وَذَوَاتِ الْخُدُورِ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ أَوِ الْعَوَاتِقَ ذَوَاتِ الْخُدُورِ، فَأَمَّا الْحُيَّضُ فَيَشْهَدْنَ جَمَاعَةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَدَعْوَتَهُمْ، وَيَعْتَزِلْنَ…

Narrated by ’Umm ‘Atiyyah

Authentic Sahih Muslim 890b

We were commanded to go out as well as the hidden away ladies and those unmarried. She said menstruating women were to come out amongst you, but remain behind people and pronounce takbir (Allah-o-Akbar) along with them.

كُنَّا نُؤْمَرُ بِالْخُرُوجِ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ وَالْمُخَبَّأَةُ وَالْبِكْرُ قَالَتِ الْحُيَّضُ يَخْرُجْنَ فَيَكُنَّ خَلْفَ النَّاسِ يُكَبِّرْنَ مَعَ النَّاسِ ‏.‏

Narrated by ’Umm ‘Atiyyah

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