حَدَّثَنِي زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، قَالَ هِشَامٌ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أَنَّ سَعْدًا، قَالَ
اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَىَّ أَنْ أُجَاهِدَهُمْ فِيكَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ كَذَّبُوا رَسُولَكَ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَخْرَجُوهُ، اللَّهُمَّ فَإِنِّي أَظُنُّ أَنَّكَ قَدْ وَضَعْتَ الْحَرْبَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Sa‘d was injured on the Day of the Trench by the arrow of man from Quraysh called Hibbān ibn al-‘Arqah (Hibbān ibn Qays) from the tribe of Banu Mu‘ayyis ibn ‘Āmir ibn Lu'ai who shot him in the median vein of the arm. So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) set up a tent for him in the mosque in order to visit him from nearby. When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the trench he placed his weapon down and washed up. Jibrīl (may peace be upon him) came to him while he was shaking the dust from his head and said: "Have you laid down weapons? By Allah! I have not laid it down! Go out to them!" The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Where?" So he pointed to Banu Qurayzhah. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) went to them and they surrendered. He turned the judgment over to Sa‘d, and Sa‘d said: "I rule that their warriors be killed, their women and offspring be taken as captives, and that their wealth be divided." Hishām said: "My father informed me that ‘Ā’ishah reported that Sa‘d said: 'O Allah, Indeed, You know that there is no one that I love to battle in Your cause than a people who belied and drove out Your Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). O Allah, I think that You have ended the war between us and them, so if there remains any war against the Quraysh, then keep me alive so that I may battle them in Your cause; and if You have indeed ended the war, then let the blood flow and make my death therein." So his wound erupted from his throat. There was a tent in the mosque belonging to Banu Ghifār, and they were scared at the sight of blood flowing towards them. They said: "O people of this tent, what is it that is coming to us from your side?" And Sa‘d's wound continued to bleed, and he died from it (may Allah be pleased with him). [Al-Bukhāri]
Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 3901, 463, 4122), Muslim (No. 1769a, 1769c), Abu Dawud (No. 3101), An-Nasa’i (No. 710) and Ahmad (No. 23159).
The noble Hadīth shows merits of Sa‘d ibn Mu‘ādh, a grand companion of the Prophet. A tent was set up for him in the mosque in order for the Prophet to visit him after he had sustained injuries in Jihad. Also, he passed a judgment on Banu Qurayzhah that came in accordance with the divine Judgment: to kill their men, take their women and offspring as captives, and to take their wealth. Indeed, Jews had betrayed Muslims, breached their covenant, and taken advantage of the circumstances of the battle of the Trench, when Quraysh mustered on the outskirts of Madīnah. Further to his merits, Sa‘d's prayer was accepted, resulting in his martyrdom. He prayed that Allah keep him alive, if Muslims still had to fight Quraysh or that Allah let him die from wounds, if the war was over.
Explanation in Arabic
يبين الحديث الشريف فضيلة الصحابي الجليل سعد بن معاذ؛ حيث عُمل له خيمة في المسجد كي يزوره النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم مما أصابه في جهاده، وأنه رضي الله عنه حكم بحكم على بني قريظة يوافق حكم الله تعالى عليهم من فوق سبع سموات وهو أن يقتل رجالهم وتُسبى نساؤهم وذراريهم وتؤخذ أموالهم وذلك بسبب خيانتهم للمسلمين ونقضهم الميثاق واستغلالهم ظروف حرب الخندق وتجمُّع قريش وغيرها على أطراف المدينة آنذاك، كذلك تتجلى فضيلة أخرى لسعد رضي الله عنه وذلك في دعائه أن يبقيه الله تعالى إن كان بقي حرب بين قريش وبين المسلمين أو أن يستشهده الله تعالى إن كان قد انتهت حرب المسلمين مع قريش باستشهاده متأثراً بجرحه الذي جرحه يوم الخندق.
بيان دَور المسجد في صدر الإِسلام، وأنَّه ليس للصلاة فقط، وإنما تلقى فيه العلوم، وتُعقد فيه الرايات، وتُفضى فيه الخصومات، وتُعقد فيه المشاورات، وتُحكم فيه جميع الأمور.
جواز النوم في المسجد، وبقاء المريض فيه، وإن كان جريحًا.
هذه الفضيلة لسعد بن معاذ -رضي الله عنه- لمواقفه الكريمة في الإِسلام، فقد أسلم بإسلامه قبيلته جميعًا، وهم بنو عبد الأشهل، وله كلام ومقام كريم يوم بدر، حينما استشار النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- الصحابة في القتال، وله حكم فاصل في بني قريظة، ولذا جاء في فضله أحاديث كثيرة، -رضي الله عنه-.
تقدير أهل الفضل، والسابقة في الإِسلام، وتنزيلهم منازلهم، من الشفقة والعناية والتكرمة.
حسن خلق النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- ومعاملته لأمته، حيث كان يعود مرضاهم، ويزور أصحاءهم، ويتواضع حتى للعجوز والطفل الصغير.
فَضَرَبَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَيْمَةً فِي الْمَسْجِدِ لِيَعُودَهُ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ، فَلَمْ يَرُعْهُمْ ـ وَفِي الْمَسْجِدِ خَيْمَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي غِفَارٍ ـ إِلاَّ الدَّمُ يَسِيلُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالُوا يَا أَهْلَ…
Narrated by Ā’ishah
AuthenticMuttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim)Sahih al-Bukhari 4122
