‘Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: On the day of Hunayn, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) favored some people in the distribution of spoils. He gave Al-Aqra‘ ibn Hābis one hundred camels and gave ‘Uyaynah ibn Hisn the same. On that day, he gave to some of the nobles of the Arabs, favoring them over others in the distribution of spoils. A man said: "By Allah! This is distribution in which justice is not observed, and it is not intended for pleasing Allah." I said to myself: "By Allah! I will inform the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) of this." I went to him and informed him of what the man had said. The color of his face changed as if it was dyed in red, and he said: "Who will observe justice if Allah and His Messenger do not?" Then he said: "May Allah have mercy upon Mūsa! He was hurt more than this but he remained patient." Having heard this I said to myself: "Surely, I shall never convey any speech of this kind to him any more."
Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 3150, 3405, 4335, 4336, 6059, 6336), Muslim (No. 1062a) and Ahmad (No. 3426, 3707, 3934, 3987).
‘Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) relates that they were at the battle of Hunayn, which is the battle of At-Tā’if that took place after the Conquest of Makkah. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) fought them, and gained from them a large amount of booty i.e, camels, sheep, dirhams, and dinars. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) went to Al-Ji‘rānah, which is a place located at the farthest end of the Sacred Precincts of Makkah to the direction of At-Tā’if, and divided the booty between those who participated in this battle. He gave Al-Aqra‘ ibn Hābis 100 camels, and gave ‘Uyaynah ibn Hisn 100 camels. He also gave to some of the nobles among the Arabs in order to attract their hearts towards Islam, because if those people embrace Islam due to the gifts and wealth they received, their followers would embrace Islam, and this would give more strength and might to Islam. As for those who were strong in faith, he left them, trusting the faith that they had. After seeing the attitude of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in dividing the booty among the heads of tribes and nobles, and leaving some others (without giving them), a man said: "By Allah! This is a distribution in which justice is not observed, and it is not intended for pleasing Allah." When Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) heard this statement, he rushed towards the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and swore before that if he heard something like that, he would inform him. When Ibn Mas‘ūd informed the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) of the man's statement, his anger intensified and his face changed in color until it was like a pure red dye. Then he said: "Who will observe justice if Allah and His Messenger do not?"; disapproving of the man's statement. Then he said: "May Allah have mercy upon Mūsa; he was hurt more than this but he remained patient.'' When Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) saw the Prophet's condition (i.e. his anger), he said: "If I hear any kind of improper statement from those people, I will not inform the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) of it, because of what I saw of his intense anger, as long as it does not cause any harm to Islam or the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him)."
Explanation in Arabic
يخبر عبد الله بن مسعود رضي الله عنه أنهم كانوا في غزوة حنين، وهي: غزوة الطائف التي كانت بعد فتح مكة، غزاهم الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم وغنم منهم غنائم كثيرة جدا: من إبل، وغنم، ودراهم، ودنانير، ثم إن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم نزل بالجعرانة، وهي محل عند منتهى الحرم من جهة الطائف، نزل بها وقسم صلى الله عليه وسلم الغنائم بين من حضر هذه الغزوة، فأعطى الأقرع بن حابس مائة من الإبل، وأعطى عيينة بن حصن مائة من الإبل، وأعطى ناسًا من أشراف العرب؛ يتألفهم على الإسلام؛ فإذا حسن إسلام هؤلاء بسبب العطايا والمال أسلم من وراءهم ممن يتبعهم، وكان في ذلك قوة وعزة للإسلام، وأما أقوياء الإيمان فقد تركهم صلى الله عليه وسلم اعتمادًا على ما عندهم من الإيمان.
فقال رجل بعد أن رأى حال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في تقسيم الغنائم على رؤساء القبائل وأشراف القوم، وترك بعض القوم: والله إن هذه قسمة ما عُدل فيها وما أريد فيها وجه الله.
فلما سمع ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه هذه الكلمة ذهب مسرعا إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وأقسم قبل لأن يأتيه أنه سيخبره بها، ولما أخبره بالخبر، اشتد غضبه -عليه الصلاة والسلام-، وتغير وجه حتى كان كالصبغ الأحمر الخالص، ثم قال: فمن يعدل إذا لم يعدل الله ورسوله؟ يستنكر قوله.
ثم قال -عليه الصلاة والسلام-: يرحم الله موسى، لقد أوذي بأكثر من هذا فصبر.
ولما رأى ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه من حال النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، قال رضي الله عنه : إذا سمعتُ قولا من أولئك القوم، من الأقوال المنكرة، فلن أخبر بها النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بذلك؛ لما رآه من شدة غضبه صلى الله عليه وسلم ، ما دام أنه لا يعود على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ولا على الإسلام بضرر.
حكمة النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- في تأليف القلوب.
فعل هذا الرجل لما تكلم بهذا الكلام على الملأ من باب نشر الفوضى بين المسلمين.
عداوة المنافقين للنبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم-.
تأكيد الفعل بالقسم.
جواز نقل الخبر على غير وجه الإفساد، لبيان حال القائل والتحذير منه.
الرسول -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بشرٌ، يتأثر بما يتأثر به البشر، من غضب ونحو ذلك.
أعظم الناس عدلا وأشدهم خوفا من الله -تعالى- وأكثرهم علما به هم أنبياء الله ورسله.
سعة حلمه -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، وكذلك الأنبياء من قبله.
تأسي النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بإخوانه الأنبياء؛ تحقيقا لقوله -تعالى-: (فبهداهم اقتده).
استحباب الإِعراض عن الجاهلين.
حرص ابن مسعود -رضي الله عنه- على عدم إغضاب النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم-.
