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Sahih al-BukhariBathing (Ghusl)

Manner of performing Ghusl (ritual bath) from Janābah (major ritual impurity)

Chapter: The removing of water from one's body with one's hands after taking the bath of Janaba

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Sahih al-Bukhari 276

Narrator:Maymūna bint al-Hārith

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَانُ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَمْزَةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الأَعْمَشَ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَالَتْ مَيْمُونَةُ وَضَعْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم غُسْلاً، فَسَتَرْتُهُ بِثَوْبٍ

، وَصَبَّ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ فَغَسَلَهُمَا، ثُمَّ صَبَّ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ، فَغَسَلَ فَرْجَهُ، فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ الأَرْضَ فَمَسَحَهَا، ثُمَّ غَسَلَهَا فَمَضْمَضَ، وَاسْتَنْشَقَ، وَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَذِرَاعَيْهِ، ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ، وَأَفَاضَ عَلَى جَسَدِهِ، ثُمَّ تَنَحَّى فَغَسَلَ قَدَمَيْهِ، فَنَاوَلْتُهُ ثَوْبًا فَلَمْ يَأْخُذْهُ، فَانْطَلَقَ وَهْوَ يَنْفُضُ يَدَيْهِ‏.‏

Maymūnah, Mother of the believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported:

I placed water for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to make Ghusl, and I screened him with a garment. He poured over his hands and washed them. Then he poured with his right hand over his left one and washed his private parts, and he struck the ground with his hand and wiped it, then washed it, rinsed his mouth, sniffed water, washed his face and arms, then poured over his head and his whole body. Then he moved aside and washed his feet. I gave him a garment, but he did not take it, and he moved ahead, shaking off his hands.

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 276).

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Explanation

Maymūnah, Mother of the believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) informed about the way the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) performed Ghusl from Janābah, as she put water for him to use in his bath and screened him with a screen. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), then, did the following:

First: He poured water over his hands and washed them before putting them inside the vessel.

Second: He poured water with his right hand over his left hand and washed his private parts to clean them from the traces of Janābah.

Third: He struck the ground with his hand and wiped it, then washed it to remove any impurity.

Fourth: He rinsed his mouth by taking water into his mouth, moving it around, and then spitting it out; he sniffed water by letting the water into his nose, inhaling it, and then blew it out to clean it.

Fifth: He washed his face and arms.

Sixth: He poured water over his head.

Seventh: He poured water over the rest of his body.

Eighth: He moved aside and washed his feet, which he had not washed before, in another place.

Then, she brought him a piece of cloth to dry himself, but he did not take it, and he started wiping the water and shaking it off his body with his hands.

Lessons

  • The Prophet's wives were extremely careful to describe the minutest details about his life to teach the Ummah.
  • This manner of Ghusl is one of the manners proven from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) regarding the manner of complete Ghusl from Janābah. As for the valid manner, it is by pouring water over the whole body along with rinsing the mouth and sniffing water.
  • It is permissible either to dry one's body with a piece of cloth or leave it after performing Ghusl or Wudū’ (ablution).

Explanation in Arabic

أَخْبرتْ أم المؤمنين ميمونة رضي الله عنها عن صفة اغتسال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم من الجنابة، حيث وضعت له ماءً ليغتسل به، وسترتْه بساتر، ففعل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ما يلي:

أولًا: صب الماء على يديه فغسلهما قبل أن يدخلهما الإناء.

ثانيًا: صب الماء بيده اليمنى على اليسرى فغسل فرجه؛ لتنظيفه مما علق به من أثر الجنابة.

ثالثًا: ضرب بيده الأرض فمسحها ثم غسلها ليزيل الأذى عنها.

رابعًا: تمضمض؛ بأن أدخل الماء في فمه وحركه وأداره ثم ألقاه، واستنشق؛ بأن أدخل الماء في أنفه بِنَفَسِهِ، ثم أخرجه لينظفه.

خامسًا: غسل وجهه وذراعيه.

سادسًا: صب الماء على رأسه.

سابعًا: صب الماء على بقية جسده.

ثامنًا: تحوّل من مكانه فغسل قدميه في مكان آخر حيث لم يغسلهما من قبل.

ثم أتته بخرقة ليتنشف بها، فلم يأخذها، وجعل يمسح الماء عن جسده بيده وينفضه.

  • اهتمام أزواج النبي صلى الله وعليه وسلم بوصف أدقّ تفاصيل حياته؛ تعليمًا للأمة.
  • صفة الغسل هذه هي إحدى الكيفيات التي ثبتت عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في صفة الاغتسال الكامل من الجنابة، وأما الصفة المجزئة فهي أن يعم بدنه بالماء مع المضمضة والاستنشاق.
  • تنشيف الجسد بخرقة أو تركه بعد الغسل أو الوضوء مباح.

Classical commentary

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani — Fath al-Bari

قَوْله : ( أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَمْزَة ) هُوَ السُّكَّرِيُّ. قَوْله : ( فَانْطَلَقَ وَهُوَ يَنْفُضُ يَدَيْهِ ) اِسْتَدَلَّ بِهِ عَلَى جَوَازِ نَفْضِ مَاء الْغَسِيلِ وَالْوُضُوءِ وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ ذَلِكَ فِي أَوَائِل الْغُسْلِ وَهُوَ ظَاهِر. وَفِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ مَرْوَزِيَّانِ : عَبْدَان وَشَيْخُهُ وَكُوفِيَّانِ الْأَعْمَش وَشَيْخُهُ وَمَدَنِيَّانِ كُرَيْب وَشَيْخُهُ وَفِيمَا قَبْلَهُ بِبَابٍ كَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ يُوسُف بْن عِيسَى وَشَيْخه مَرْوَزِيَّانِ وَفِيمَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بَصْرِيَّانِ : مُوسَى وَأَبُو عَوَانَةَ وَكَذَا مُوسَى وَعَبْد الْوَاحِد وَكَذَا مُحَمَّد بْن مَحْبُوب وَعَبْد الْوَاحِد وَفِيمَا قَبْل أَيْضًا مَكِّيَّانِ : الْحُمَيْدِيُّ وَسُفْيَانُ وَكُلّهمْ رَوَوْهُ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ب…

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Scholars’ grades

Grade taken from the status of the collection (Sahih al-Bukhari).

Other versions

Also reported by… (3)
  • الأنوار في شمائل النبي المختار (496)وَضَعْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ , ﷺ , غُسْلا فَسَتَرْتُهُ بِثَوْبٍ ، وَصَبَّ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ فَغَسَلَهُمَا ، ثُمَّ صَبَّ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ فَغَسَلَ فَرْجَهُ ، فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ الأَرْضَ فَمَسَحَهَا ثُمَّ غَسَلَهَا ، فَمَضْمَضَ وَاسْتَنْشَقَ ، وَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَذِرَاعَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَى رَأْسِه
  • شرح السنة (247)وَضَعْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ غُسْلا ، فَسَتَرْتُهُ بِثَوْبٍ ، وَصَبَّ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ ، فَغَسَلَهُمَا ، ثُمَّ صَبَّبِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ ، فَغَسَلَ فَرْجَهُ ، فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ الأَرْضَ ، فَمَسَحَهُمَا ، ثُمَّ غَسَلَهَا ، فَمَضْمَضَ وَاسْتَنْشَقَ ، وَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَذِرَاعَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ صَبَّ
  • مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (736)اغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ تَنَحَّى فَغَسَلَ قَدَمَيْهِ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 119

Whenever Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) took Ghusl (bath) after sexual intercourse, he would begin by washing his hands, then pour water with his right hand on his left hand and wash his sexual organ. He would then perform ablution, then take some water and run his fingers through the roots of the hair…

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: { كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-إِذَا اِغْتَسَلَ مِنْ اَلْجَنَابَةِ يَبْدَأُ فَيَغْسِلُ يَدَيْهِ, ثُمَّ يُفْرِغُ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ, فَيَغْسِلُ…

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 5 other versions

Not graded Al-Adab al-Mufrad 959

Jabir said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in janaba, he would pour three cupfuls of water over his head."

حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى، قَالَ‏:‏ حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ، قَالَ‏:‏ حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرٌ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ‏:‏ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا كَانَ جُنُبًا، يَصُبُّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ثَلاَثَ حَفَنَاتٍ مِنْ…

+ 2 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 272

On taking a ritual bath from Janābah (major ritual impurity), the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to wash his hands and perform ablution like that for prayer, then wash himself

On taking a ritual bath from Janābah (major ritual impurity), the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to wash his hands and perform ablution like that for prayer, then wash himself. He would, then, run his wet hand through his hair until he would feel that his skin…

إِذَا اغْتَسَلَ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ غَسَلَ يَدَيْهِ، وَتَوَضَّأَ وُضُوءَهُ لِلصَّلاَةِ ثُمَّ اغْتَسَلَ، ثُمَّ يُخَلِّلُ بِيَدِهِ شَعَرَهُ، حَتَّى إِذَا ظَنَّ أَنْ قَدْ أَرْوَى بَشَرَتَهُ، أَفَاضَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ ثَلاَثَ…

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 2 other versions Explained

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 252

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to pour water over his head thrice

Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn ‘Ali ibn Abi Tālib reported that he and his father were with Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh, who had some people sitting with him. They asked him about the ritual bath. He replied: "One Sā‘ of water is sufficient for you." A man said: "It is not sufficient for…

كَانَ يَكْفِي مَنْ هُوَ أَوْفَى مِنْكَ شَعَرًا، وَخَيْرٌ مِنْكَ

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh Explained

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 259

I poured water for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to take a ritual bath

Maymūnah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: I poured water for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to take a ritual bath. So he poured water with his right hand on his left hand and washed them. Then he washed his private parts then rubbed his hand on the ground and…

فَأَفْرَغَ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى يَسَارِهِ فَغَسَلَهُمَا، ثُمَّ غَسَلَ فَرْجَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ بِيَدِهِ الأَرْضَ فَمَسَحَهَا بِالتُّرَابِ، ثُمَّ غَسَلَهَا، ثُمَّ تَمَضْمَضَ وَاسْتَنْشَقَ، ثُمَّ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ، وَأَفَاضَ…

Narrated by Maymūna bint al-Hārith Explained

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sunan Abu Dawud 240

when the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) wanted to wash himself because of sexual defilement, he called for a vessel like HILAB (a vessel used for milking the camel). He then took a handful of water and began to pour it on the right side of his head and then on the left side. He then…

إِذَا اغْتَسَلَ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ دَعَا بِشَىْءٍ نَحْوِ الْحِلاَبِ فَأَخَذَ بِكَفِّهِ فَبَدَأَ بِشِقِّ رَأْسِهِ الأَيْمَنِ ثُمَّ الأَيْسَرِ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِكَفَّيْهِ فَقَالَ بِهِمَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ‏.‏

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