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Sahih al-BukhariBathing (Ghusl)

I poured water for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to take a ritual bath

Chapter: To rinse the mouth and to clean the nose by putting water in it and then blowing it out while taking the bath of Janaba

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Sahih al-Bukhari 259

Narrator:Maymūna bint al-Hārith

حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَالِمٌ، عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَتْنَا مَيْمُونَةُ، قَالَتْ صَبَبْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم غُسْلاً،

فَأَفْرَغَ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى يَسَارِهِ فَغَسَلَهُمَا، ثُمَّ غَسَلَ فَرْجَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ بِيَدِهِ الأَرْضَ فَمَسَحَهَا بِالتُّرَابِ، ثُمَّ غَسَلَهَا، ثُمَّ تَمَضْمَضَ وَاسْتَنْشَقَ، ثُمَّ غَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ، وَأَفَاضَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ، ثُمَّ تَنَحَّى فَغَسَلَ قَدَمَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِمِنْدِيلٍ، فَلَمْ يَنْفُضْ بِهَا‏.‏

Maymūnah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: I poured water for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to take a ritual bath. So he poured water with his right hand on his left hand and washed them. Then he washed his private parts then rubbed his hand on the ground and cleaned it with dust then washed it. Then he rinsed his mouth and nose. Then he washed his face and poured water over his head. He then moved aside and washed his feet. A towel was brought for him, but he did not dry himself with it.

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 259).

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Explanation

Maymūnah (may Allah be pleased with her) reports that she prepared water for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to take ritual bath. He held the water container with his right hand and poured water on his left hand then washed both hands together. Because the hands are used to transfer the water, he washed them first to make sure that they are clean and free of impurity. Another narration of Maymūnah's report by Al-Bukhāri reads: "he washed his hands two or three times."

Following that, he washed his private parts with his left hand to remove traces of semen and any other impurity. The expression 'private parts' here refers to the frontal parts (the anus is excluded), as indicated in the narration of Al-Bukhāri: "then he poured water on his left hand and washed his penis and testicles."

"Then he struck his hand on the ground": this was his left hand, as the narration of Al-Bukhāri reads: "then he struck the ground with his left hand and rubbed it vigorously" to eliminate any filth or foul smell. Then he washed his left hand with water to remove dust and any other filth. Then he rinsed his mouth and nose then washed his face. This Hadīth does not state that he performed ablution. However, we know from Maymūnah's report narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim that "he then performed the ablution that he performs for prayer." There is a also a report by ‘Ā'ishah to this effect.

He then poured water on his head. Maymūnah's other narration says that he poured three handfuls of water on his head and then washed the rest of his body. Pouring water on the head once is sufficient if the water reaches the whole body. Then the Prophet moved away from the bathing place and washed his feet, meaning that after he had completed his ablution and bathing, he washed his feet again.

Finally, a towel was brought to him but he did not dry himself with it. The other narration says that Maymūnah gave him a towel but he declined it. A third narration says that he was brought a towel but he did not touch it, and, instead, he shook the water off his body.

Explanation in Arabic

معنى الحديث: تخبر ميمونة أنها هيَّأت له الماء لأجل أن يَغتسل به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من الجَنَابة، فتناول الإناء بيمينه، فصبَّه على يساره، ثم غسل كلتا يديه معاً؛ لأن اليدين آلة لنقل الماء، فاستحب غسلهما تحقيقا لطهارتهما، وتنظيفا لهما.

فَغَسَلهُما، وفي رواية أخرى عن ميمونة رضي الله عنها عند البخاري: "فغسل يديه مرتين أو ثلاثا".

وبعد أن غَسل يديه غَسل فَرْجَه بشماله لإزالة ما لوثه من آثار المَني وغيره، والمراد بالفَرْجِ هُنا: القُبل، يوضحه رواية البخاري: " ثم أفرغ على شِماله، فغسل مَذَاكِيرَه ".

ثم قال بِيَدِه الأرض والمراد ضرب بها الأرض واليد هنا: " اليَد اليُسرى، يوضحه رواية البخاري: " ثم ضَرب بِشِمَاله الأرض، فدَلَكَها دَلْكَا شديدا ".

فَمَسَحَها بالتُّراب لِيُزِيل ما قد يعَلق بها من آثار مُسْتَقْذَرة أو روائح كَرِيهة، ثم غَسل يَده اليُسرى بالماء لإزالة ما عَلَق بها من تُراب وغيره مما يُسْتَقْذَر، وبعد أن غسل يديه ونَظَّفَها مما قد يعَلق بها تمضمض وستنشق، ثم غَسَل وجْهَه. وليس فيه أنه توضأ -عليه الصلاة والسلام- ، لكن في حديثها الآخر عند البخاري ومسلم :" ثم توضأ وضوءه للصلاة "وهكذا جاء عن عائشة رضي الله عنها .

ثم صَبَّ الماء على رأسه، وفي روايتها الأخرى: " ثم أَفْرَغ على رأسه ثلاث حَفَنَات مِلءَ كَفِّه، ثم غَسَل سَائر جَسَده ".

ويُكتفى بالمرة الواحدة، إذا عَمَّت جميع البَدن.

ثم تحول إلى جهة أخرى بعيدا عن موضع الاغتسال فغسل قَدَمَيه بعد أن فَرَغ من وضوءه واغتساله، غسل قَدَميه مرة ثانية.

ثم أُتِيَ بمنْدِيل فلم يَنْفُضْ بها ولم يَتَمَسَّح بالمِنْدِيل من بَلَلِ الماء، وفي رواية أخرى عنها رضي الله عنها : " ثم أَتَيْتُه بالمِندِيل فَرَدَّه " وفي رواية أخرى : " أُتِيَ بِمِنْدِيلٍ فلم يَمَسَّه وجعل يقول: بالماء هكذا " يعني يَنْفُضُه.

  • في هذا الحديث بيان لصِفَةُ غُسْل النَّبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- من الجَنابة.
  • فيه جواز تصريح المرأة بما قد يُسْتَحَيا منه لبيان الحق.
  • استحبابُ البداءة بغَسْلِ يديه؛ لأنَّ اليَدين هما أداةُ غَرْفِ الماء، وأداةُ دلك الجسد، فينبغي طهارتهما قبل كُلِّ شيءٍ، والمرادُ باليدين عند الإطلاق هما الكَفَّان.
  • فيه استعمال اليَد اليُسرى لإزالة الأذى.
  • فيه دليل على بَدَاءة الجُنب بغسل فَرْجَه ويزيل ما عليه من أثَر الخارج.
  • استحباب ضَرب اليَّد على الأرض أو الجدار إذا كان من الطِّين لإزالة اللزوجة العالقة بها، من غسل الفَرْج المتلوِّث بالنجاسة أو المني، فإن تَعَذر التَّراب -وهو كذلك في زماننا- فإن المُطَهِرات المعروفة تقوم مقامه.
  • استحباب الوضوء قبل الاغتسال من الجَنَابة، وهذا على رواية ميمونة الأخرى.
  • مشروعية غَسْل القَدَمَين بعد الانتهاء من الاغتسال، إذا دَعَت الحاجة إلى ذلك.
  • لا يشترط دَلْك البَدن في الغسل من الجَنابة؛ لعدم ذِكْره في الحديث، لكن إذا خَشي الإنسان عدم وصول الماء إلى جميع بَدَنِه فينبغي أن يَمُرَّ بيده إلى تلك المواضع، حتى يَغلب على ظَنِّه وصول الماء إليها.
  • فيه حِرص أُمْهات المؤمنين على نَشْر سُنته -صلى الله عليه وسلم-.
  • فيه جواز نظر المرأة إلى عَورة زوجها؛ لأن ميمونة -رضي الله عنها- وصفت كيفية اغتساله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- من الجَنابة من أوله إلى آخره بما في ذلك تَطْهِير الفَرْج .

Classical commentary

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani — Fath al-Bari

قَوْله : ( حَدَّثَنَا عُمَر بْن حَفْص ) أَيْ اِبْن غِيَاثٍ كَمَا ثَبَتَ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْأَصِيلِيّ. ) قَوْله : ( غُسْلًا ) بِضَمّ أَوَّله أَيْ مَاءُ الِاغْتِسَالِ كَمَا سَبَقَ فِي بَاب الْغُسْلِ مَرَّة. ) قَوْله : ( ثُمَّ قَالَ بِيَدِهِ الْأَرْض ) كَذَا فِي رِوَايَتِنَا وَلِلْأَكْثَرِ " بِيَدِهِ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ " وَهُوَ مِنْ إِطْلَاق الْقَوْل عَلَى الْفِعْلِ وَقَدْ وَقَعَ إِطْلَاق الْفِعْل عَلَى الْقَوْلِ فِي حَدِيث " لَا حَسَدَ إِلَّا فِي اِثْنَتَيْنِ " قَالَ فِيهِ فِي الَّذِي يَتْلُو الْقُرْآنَ " لَوْ أُوتِيتُ مِثْلَ مَا أُوتِيَ هَذَا لَفَعَلْت مِثْلَ مَا يَفْعَلُ " وَسَيَأْتِي فِي بَابِ نَفْضِ الْيَدَيْنِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ رِوَايَةِ أَبِي حَمْزَة عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ " فَضَر…

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Grade taken from the status of the collection (Sahih al-Bukhari).

Other versions

Also reported by… (1)
  • مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (736)اغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ تَنَحَّى فَغَسَلَ قَدَمَيْهِ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 119

Whenever Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) took Ghusl (bath) after sexual intercourse, he would begin by washing his hands, then pour water with his right hand on his left hand and wash his sexual organ. He would then perform ablution, then take some water and run his fingers through the roots of the hair…

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: { كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-إِذَا اِغْتَسَلَ مِنْ اَلْجَنَابَةِ يَبْدَأُ فَيَغْسِلُ يَدَيْهِ, ثُمَّ يُفْرِغُ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ, فَيَغْسِلُ…

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Jabir said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in janaba, he would pour three cupfuls of water over his head."

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Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 272

On taking a ritual bath from Janābah (major ritual impurity), the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to wash his hands and perform ablution like that for prayer, then wash himself

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Narrated by Ā’ishah + 2 other versions Explained

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 252

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to pour water over his head thrice

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كَانَ يَكْفِي مَنْ هُوَ أَوْفَى مِنْكَ شَعَرًا، وَخَيْرٌ مِنْكَ

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Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 276

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، وَصَبَّ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ فَغَسَلَهُمَا، ثُمَّ صَبَّ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ، فَغَسَلَ فَرْجَهُ، فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ الأَرْضَ فَمَسَحَهَا، ثُمَّ غَسَلَهَا فَمَضْمَضَ، وَاسْتَنْشَقَ، وَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَذِرَاعَيْهِ…

Narrated by Maymūna bint al-Hārith Explained

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