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Sahih al-BukhariWitnesses

Breastfeeding produces the same interdiction that childbirth produces

Chapter: To give witness concerning lineage, foster suckling relations and dead persons

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Sahih al-Bukhari 2646

Narrator:Ā’ishah

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، عَنْ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَخْبَرَتْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ عِنْدَهَا، وَأَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ صَوْتَ رَجُلٍ يَسْتَأْذِنُ فِي بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ‏.‏ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُرَاهُ فُلاَنًا‏.‏ لِعَمِّ حَفْصَةَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ‏.‏ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَذَا رَجُلٌ يَسْتَأْذِنُ فِي بَيْتِكَ‏.‏ قَالَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ أُرَاهُ فُلاَنًا ‏"‏‏.‏ لِعَمِّ حَفْصَةَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ‏.‏ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ لَوْ كَانَ فُلاَنٌ حَيًّا ـ لِعَمِّهَا مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ ـ دَخَلَ عَلَىَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ نَعَمْ،

إِنَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلاَدَةِ ‏"

‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:

"Breastfeeding produces the same interdiction that childbirth produces."

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 2646) and An-Nasa’i (No. 3313).

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Explanation

The Prophet (ﷺ) pointed out that breastfeeding produces the same interdiction as produced by childbirth and blood relationships, like the maternal or paternal uncle or brother, and it permits the same rulings permitted due to childbirth.

Lessons

  • The Hadīth represents a principle for the rulings related to breastfeeding.
  • Ibn Hajar said: His statement: (Breastfeeding produces the same interdiction that childbirth produces), i.e., it gives the same permissibility that childbirth gives. This is held by consensus concerning the prohibition of marriage and its consequences, the spread of prohibition between the infant and the children of the breastfeeding woman, and treating them like relatives in terms of the permissibility of looking, seclusion, and traveling. But this does not entail the rest of the rulings of motherhood, such as inheritance, the obligation of spending, emancipation through ownership, testimony, financial legal liability, and the revocation of legal retribution.
  • It establishes the ruling of permanent prohibition of marriage on account of breastfeeding.
  • Other Hadīths indicate that the prohibition of breastfeeding is established by five known sucklings, and that they should be in the first two years.
  • Women prohibited on account of marriage are: mothers, including grandmothers, and even their ascendants on the father's or mother's side. Daughters, including the daughters of daughters and the daughters of sons, and their descendants. Sisters, whether they are full sisters or half-sisters from the father's or mother's side. Paternal aunts, including all sisters of the father, whether they are full sisters or half-sisters, and also all sisters of grandfathers and their ascendants. Maternal aunts, including all sisters of the mother, whether they are full sisters or half-sisters, and also all sisters of grandmothers and their ascendants, whether they are grandmothers from the father's or mother's side. Daughters of the brother and daughters of the sister, including their daughters and their descendants.
  • Women who are prohibited due to breastfeeding. Breastfeeding prohibits what is prohibited by marriage. So, the like of every woman who is prohibited by marriage is also prohibited by breastfeeding, except for the mother of his brother and the sister of his son by breastfeeding—they are not prohibited.

Explanation in Arabic

بيَّنَ النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه يحرم من الرضاع ما يحرم من الولادة والنسب من خال أو عم أو أخ...، وتبيح الرضاعة ما تبيح الولادة من الأحكام.

  • الحديث قاعدة في أحكام الرضاع.
  • قال ابن حجر: قوله: (الرضاعة تحرم ما تحرم الولادة) أي: وتبيح ما تبيح، وهو بالإجماع فيما يتعلق بتحريم النكاح وتوابعه، وانتشار الحرمة بين الرضيع وأولاد المرضعة، وتنزيلهم منزلة الأقارب في جواز النظر والخلوة والمسافرة، ولكن لا يترتب عليه باقي أحكام الأمومة من التوارث ووجوب الإنفاق والعتق بالملك والشهادة والعقل وإسقاط القصاص.
  • إثبات حكم التحريم بالرضاع تحريمًا مؤبدًا.
  • دلت الأحاديث الأخرى أن التحريم بالرضاعة يثبت بخمس رضعات معلومات، وأن تكون في السنتين الأوليين.
  • المحرمات بالنسب هن: الأمهات، ويدخل فيهنَّ الجدات، وإن علون من قبل الأمّ أو الأب. والبنات: ويدخل فيهنَّ بنات البنات، وبنات الأولاد، وإن سفلن. والأخوات: سواء أكنّ من قبل الأب والأم، أو من قبل أحدهما. والعمَّات: ويدخل فيهنّ جميع أخوات الأب الشقيقات وغير الشقيقات، وكذلك جميع أخوات أجدادك، وإن علون. والخالات: ويدخل فيهنّ جميع أخوات الأم الشقيقات، وغيرهنّ، وكذلك جميع أخوات الجدات، وإن علون، سواء أكنَّ جدات من الأب أم من الأم. وبنات الأخ، وبنات الأخت، ويدخل فيهنَّ بناتهنَّ، وإن سفلن.
  • المحرمات بالرضاع، فيحرم من الرضاع ما يحرم من النسب، فكل امرأة حَرُمت من النسب حَرُمَ مثلها من الرضاع إلا أم أخيه وأخت ابنه من الرضاع فلا تحرم.

Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Bukharid. 256 AH Authenticصحيح The hadith صحيح البخاري No. 2646
Grades of other versions (1)
  • AuthenticAl-Albani صحيح — صحيح النسائي (3313)

Other versions

Also reported by… (10)
  • إتحاف الخيرة المهرة بزوائد المسانيد العشرة (2593)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ النَّسَبِ
  • الأم للشافعي (1149)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلَادَةِ
  • الزيادات على كتاب المزني (514)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يُحَرَّمُ مِنَ الْوِلادَةِ
  • السنن الكبرى للنسائي (5284)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلادَةِ
  • المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية لابن حجر (1815)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ النَّسَبِ
  • شرح السنة (2280)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الوِلادَةِ
  • مستخرج أبي عوانة (3488)تَرِبَتْ يَمِينُكِ ، فَإِنَّهُ عَمُّكِ ، فَأْذَنِي لَهُ ، فَإِنَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلادَةِ
  • مسند الإمام الشافعي ( ترتيب سنجر) (741)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلادَةِ
  • معالم التنزيل تفسير البغوي (331)الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلادَةِ
  • معرفة السنن والآثار للبيهقي (4137)نَعَمْ ، إِنَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلادَةِ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 1132

The Prophet (ﷺ) was offered to marry the daughter of Hamzah. He said, "She is unlawful to me for she is the daughter of my brother in suckling; and what is unlawful by reason of blood relationship is unlawful by reason of suckling relationship." [Agreed upon].

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Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 5101

(daughter of Abu Sufyan) I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Marry my sister. the daughter of Abu Sufyan." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do you like that?" I replied, "Yes, for even now I am not your only wife and I like that my sister should share the good with me." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "But that is not…

لاَبْنَةُ أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ، أَرْضَعَتْنِي وَأَبَا سَلَمَةَ ثُوَيْبَةُ فَلاَ تَعْرِضْنَ عَلَىَّ بَنَاتِكُنَّ وَلاَ أَخَوَاتِكُنَّ ‏"

Narrated by Umm Habība + 11 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 2645

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said concerning the daughter of Hamzah: She is not lawful for me (to marry). That which is unlawful due to lineage (blood relation) is unlawful due to breastfeeding. She is the daughter of my foster-brother.

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said concerning the daughter of Hamzah: ''She is not lawful for me (to marry). That which is unlawful due to lineage (blood relation) is unlawful due to breastfeeding. She is the daughter of my foster-brother.''

لاَ تَحِلُّ لِي، يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الرَّضَاعِ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ النَّسَبِ، هِيَ بِنْتُ أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ ‏"

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās Explained

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 3105

`Aisha, the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ) told her that once Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was with her and she heard somebody asking permission to enter Hafsa's house. She said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! This man is asking permission to enter your house." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "I think he is so-and-so…

، الرَّضَاعَةُ تُحَرِّمُ مَا تُحَرِّمُ الْوِلاَدَةُ ‏"

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 4 other versions

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