Surah Luqman is one of the Mathani given to the Prophet ﷺ in place of the Gospel, according to the good hadith of Wathilah ibn al-Asqa’. It ends with the five keys of the Unseen that none knows but Allah, as the Prophet ﷺ taught, and he would let verses of it be heard in the Dhuhr prayer. It relates Luqman’s wise counsel to his son.
It is one of the Mathani given to the Prophet ﷺ in place of the Gospel, according to the hadith of Wathilah ibn al-Asqa’: “… and I was given the Mathani in place of the Gospel.”
The surah ends with the five matters whose knowledge Allah has kept for Himself; the Prophet ﷺ taught that these are the keys of the Unseen which none knows but Allah, then recited its last verse.
The Prophet ﷺ led the Dhuhr prayer and would let a verse now and then be heard from Surah Luqman and Surah Adh-Dhariyat.
Arabic text, translation, reference and authenticity grade of each hadith.
أعطيت مكان التوراة السبع الطوال، وأعطيت مكان الزبور المئين، وأعطيت مكان الإنجيل المثاني، وفضلت بالمفصل
I was given the seven long surahs in place of the Torah, the Mi’in in place of the Psalms, the Mathani in place of the Gospel, and I was favoured with the Mufassal.
مفاتيح الغيب خمس، لا يعلمهن إلا الله ﴿إن الله عنده علم الساعة وينزل الغيث ويعلم ما في الأرحام وما تدري نفس ماذا تكسب غدا وما تدري نفس بأي أرض تموت﴾
The keys of the Unseen are five, which none knows but Allah: “Indeed, with Allah is the knowledge of the Hour; He sends down the rain and knows what is in the wombs; no soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in what land it will die.”
كان رسول الله ﷺ يصلي بنا الظهر، فنسمع منه الآية بعد الآيات من سورة لقمان والذاريات
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to lead us in the noon prayer (Dhuhr), and we would hear from him a verse now and then from Surah Luqman and Surah Adh-Dhariyat.
Main purpose: To command following the wisdom contained in the Qur’an and to warn against turning away from it.
Luqman is the 31st surah in the order of the Qur’an and the 56th in order of revelation; it came down after As-Saffat. It has thirty-four verses and is entirely Meccan according to most exegetes. It is named after Luqman, to whom Allah gave wisdom, and it relates the counsel he gave his son.
The full Arabic text: introduction, virtues, themes, and a study of the chain and authenticity of each hadith.
