حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى الصَّنْعَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ رَجَاءٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ جَمِيلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ، قَالَ ذُكِرَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم رَجُلاَنِ أَحَدُهُمَا عَابِدٌ وَالآخَرُ عَالِمٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
" فَضْلُ الْعَالِمِ عَلَى الْعَابِدِ كَفَضْلِي عَلَى أَدْنَاكُمْ " . ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلاَئِكَتَهُ وَأَهْلَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ حَتَّى النَّمْلَةَ فِي جُحْرِهَا وَحَتَّى الْحُوتَ لَيُصَلُّونَ عَلَى مُعَلِّمِ النَّاسِ الْخَيْرَ "
Abu ’Umāmah al-Bāhili (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Two men were mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him): one of them was a devout worshipper and the other a scholar. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said:
"The superiority of the scholar over the worshiper is like my superiority over the lowest among you." Then, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, Allah, His angels, the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth, even the ant in its hole, and even the fish, invoke blessings upon one who teaches people goodness."
Two men were mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him): one of them a devout worshipper and the other a scholar, and he was asked which of them is better?
He (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: The superiority of the scholar who possesses religious knowledge, acts upon it, and teaches it, over the devout worshipper who is devoted to worship while only knowing what is obligatory for him of knowledge, is like his superiority and honor (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) over the least of his Companions. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) explained the reason for this superiority: that Allah Almighty, those who bear the Throne from His angels, the inhabitants of the heavens from among all the angels, and the inhabitants of the earth from among humans, jinn, and all animals, even the ant in its hole deep in the earth, and the fish in the sea—thus including the creatures of both land and sea—all of them supplicate for good for the one who teaches people the religious knowledge that leads to their salvation and success.
Lessons
Among the methods of calling to Allah is using encouragement and giving parables (examples).
The great honor of the scholars is that they have acquired knowledge and fulfilled its duties through practice and calling others to it.
Encouragement to respect scholars and the knowledge seekers and to supplicate for them.
Encouragement to teach people goodness, as it is a means of their salvation and happiness.
Explanation in Arabic
ذُكر لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رجلان أحدهما عابد، والآخر عالم، وأيهما أفضل؟
فقال صلى الله عليه وسلم:
فضل العالم بالعلوم الشرعية العامل بها والمعلم لها على العابد المتفرغ للعبادة مع معرفته ما يجب عليه من العلم كفضله صلى الله عليه وسلم وشرفه على أدنى الصحابة.
ثم بين صلى الله عليه وسلم سبب ذلك بأن الله سبحانه، وملائكته من حملة العرش، وأهل السموات من سائر الملائكة، وأهل الأرض من الإنس والجن وجميع الحيوانات، حتى النملة في مسكنها في باطن الأرض، وحتى الحوت وسمك البحر؛ ليشمل دواب البر والبحر، كل هؤلاء لَيَدْعون بالخير لمعلم الناس علوم الدين التي فيها نجاة الناس وفلاحهم.
من أساليب الدعوة إلى الله الترغيب وضرب الأمثال.
عِظم شرف العلماء الذين تعلموا العلم وقاموا بحقه من العمل والدعوة.
الحث على توقير العلماء وطلاب العلم والدعاء لهم.
الحث على تعليم الناس الخير؛ لأنه سبب نجاتهم وسعادتهم.
وعن أبي أمامة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: "فضل العالم على العابد كفضلي على أدناكم" ثم قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : "إن الله وملائكته وأهل السماوات والأرض حتى النملة في جحرها وحتى…
