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Sahih MuslimThe Book on Government

Sahih Muslim 1823a

Chapter: Appointing a successor or not doing so

Authentic hadith of Sahih Muslim Sahih Muslim 1823a

Narrator:Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ

حَضَرْتُ أَبِي حِينَ أُصِيبَ فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَاغِبٌ وَرَاهِبٌ قَالُوا اسْتَخْلِفْ فَقَالَ أَتَحَمَّلُ أَمْرَكُمْ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا لَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ حَظِّي مِنْهَا الْكَفَافُ لاَ عَلَىَّ وَلاَ لِي فَإِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَقَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي - يَعْنِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ - وَإِنْ أَتْرُكْكُمْ فَقَدْ تَرَكَكُمْ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ حِينَ ذَكَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم غَيْرُ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ ‏.‏

It has been narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah b. 'Umar who said:

I was present with my father when he was wounded. People praised him and said: May God give you a noble recompense! He said: I am hopeful (of God's mercy) as well as afraid (of His wrath) People said: Appoint anyone as your successor. He said: Should I carry the burden of conducting your affairs in my life as well as in my death? (So far as Caliphate is concerned) I wish I could acquit myself (before the Almighty) in a way that there is neither anything to my credit nor anything to my discredit. If I would appoint my successor, (I would because) one better than me did so. (He meant Abu Bakr.) If I would leave You alone, (I would do so because) one better than me, i. e. the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), did so. 'Abdullah says: When he mentioned the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) I understood that he would not appoint anyone as Caliph.

Reported by Muslim (No. 1823a).

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Classical commentary

An-Nawawi — Sharh Sahih Muslim

قَوْله : ( رَاغِب وَرَاهِب ) أَيْ : رَاجِح وَخَائِف , وَمَعْنَاهُ النَّاس صِنْفَانِ : أَحَدهمَا : يَرْجُو , وَالثَّانِي : يَخَاف. أَيْ : رَاغِب فِي حُصُول شَيْء مِمَّا عِنْدِي , أَوْ رَاهِب مِنِّي , وَقِيلَ : أَرَادَ أَنِّي رَاغِب فِيمَا عِنْد اللَّه تَعَالَى , وَرَاهِب مِنْ عَذَابه , فَلَا أُعَوِّل عَلَى مَا أَتَيْتُمْ بِهِ عَلَيَّ , وَقِيلَ : الْمُرَاد الْخِلَافَة , أَيْ النَّاس فِيهَا ضَرْبَانِ : رَاغِب فِيهَا فَلَا أُحِبّ تَقْدِيمه لِرَغْبَتِهِ , وَكَارِه لَهَا فَأَخْشَى عَجْزه عَنْهَا. قَوْله : ( إِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَقَدْ اِسْتَخْلَفَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْر مِنِّي. إِلَى آخِره ) حَاصِله : أَنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى أَنَّ الْخَلِيفَة إِذَا حَضَرَتْهُ مُقَدِّمَات الْمَوْت , وَقَبْل ذَل…

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Grade taken from the status of the collection (Sahih Muslim).

On the same subject

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1823b

I entered the apartment of (my sister) Hafsa. She said: Do yoa know that your father is not going to nominate his successor? I said: He won't do that (i. e. he would nominate). She said: He is going to do that. The narrator said: I took an oath that I will talk to him about the matter. I kept quiet…

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ فَقَالَتْ أَعَلِمْتَ أَنَّ أَبَاكَ غَيْرُ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا كَانَ لِيَفْعَلَ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ إِنَّهُ فَاعِلٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَحَلَفْتُ أَنِّي أُكَلِّمُهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَسَكَتُّ حَتَّى غَدَوْتُ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 1 other version

Authentic Sunan Abu Dawud 2939

'Umar said: I shall not appoint a successor, for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not appoint a successor. If I appoint a successor (I can do so), for Abu Bakr had appointed a successor. He Ibn 'Umar) said: I swear by Allah, he did not mention (anyone) but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr. So…

فَوَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلاَّ أَنْ ذَكَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَعْدِلُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَحَدًا وَأَنَّهُ غَيْرُ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ

Narrated by Umar ibn al-Khattāb

Sunday, October 11, 2026 30 ربيع الآخر 1448 هـ