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Sunan Abu DawudTribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah)

Sunan Abu Dawud 2939

Chapter: Regarding The Appointment Of The Khalifah

Authentic 3 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 2939

Narrator:Umar ibn al-Khattāb

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، وَسَلَمَةُ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ عُمَرُ إِنِّي إِنْ لاَ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ وَإِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَ ‏.‏ قَالَ

فَوَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلاَّ أَنْ ذَكَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَعْدِلُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَحَدًا وَأَنَّهُ غَيْرُ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ

Narrated Ibn 'Umar:

'Umar said: I shall not appoint a successor, for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not appoint a successor. If I appoint a successor (I can do so), for Abu Bakr had appointed a successor. He Ibn 'Umar) said: I swear by Allah, he did not mention (anyone) but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr. So I learnt he would not equate anyone with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), for he did not appoint any successor.

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 2939).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( قَالَ عُمَر ) : أَيْ قِيلَ لِعُمَر رَضِيَ اللَّه عَنْهُ لَمَّا أُصِيبَ أَلَا تَسْتَخْلِف خَلِيفَة بَعْدك عَلَى النَّاس , فَقَالَ عُمَر فِي جَوَابه ( إِنْ لَا أَسْتَخْلِف ) : أَيْ أَنْ أَتْرُك الِاسْتِخْلَاف ( فَإِنَّ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِف ) : أَيْ لَمْ يَجْعَل أَحَدًا بِعَيْنِهِ خَلِيفَة نَصًّا ( وَإِنْ أَسْتَخْلِف ) : أَنَا أَحَدًا بِالتَّعْيِينِ ( فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْر قَدْ اِسْتَخْلَفَ ) : أَيْ جَعَلَ عُمَر خَلِيفَة وَقْت وَفَاته , فَأَخَذَ عُمَر وَسَطًا مِنْ الْأَمْرَيْنِ فَلَمْ يَتْرُك التَّعْيِين بِمَرَّةٍ وَلَا فَعَلَهُ مَنْصُوصًا فِيهِ عَلَى الشَّخْص الْمُسْتَخْلَف وَجَعَلَ الْأَمْر فِي ذَلِكَ شُورَى بَيْن مَنْ قُطِعَ لَهُمْ بِالْجَنَّةِ , وَ…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih صحيح The hadith No. 2939
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih Muslim (1823) The hadith No. 2939
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 2939

Other versions

Also reported by… (1)
  • حلية الأولياء لأبي نعيم (100)إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَحْفَظُ دِينَهُ ، وَإِنْ لَمْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّرَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ ، وَإِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَ ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلا أَنْ ذَكَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ ، فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَعْدِلَ بِرَسُولِ

On the same subject

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1823b

I entered the apartment of (my sister) Hafsa. She said: Do yoa know that your father is not going to nominate his successor? I said: He won't do that (i. e. he would nominate). She said: He is going to do that. The narrator said: I took an oath that I will talk to him about the matter. I kept quiet…

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ فَقَالَتْ أَعَلِمْتَ أَنَّ أَبَاكَ غَيْرُ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا كَانَ لِيَفْعَلَ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ إِنَّهُ فَاعِلٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَحَلَفْتُ أَنِّي أُكَلِّمُهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَسَكَتُّ حَتَّى غَدَوْتُ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 1 other version

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1823a

I was present with my father when he was wounded. People praised him and said: May God give you a noble recompense! He said: I am hopeful (of God's mercy) as well as afraid (of His wrath) People said: Appoint anyone as your successor. He said: Should I carry the burden of conducting your affairs in…

حَضَرْتُ أَبِي حِينَ أُصِيبَ فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَاغِبٌ وَرَاهِبٌ قَالُوا اسْتَخْلِفْ فَقَالَ أَتَحَمَّلُ أَمْرَكُمْ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا لَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ حَظِّي مِنْهَا…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

English
Tuesday, October 13, 2026 2 جمادى الأولى 1448 هـ

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