Mishkat al-Masabih Business Transactions

Mishkat al-Masabih 2850

Chapter: Business Transactions which are Forbidden - Section 1

Authentic graded by Al-Albani Mishkat al-Masabih 2850

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ وَلَا يَخْطِبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ إِلَّا أنْ يأذَنَ لَهُ» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم

He reported God’s Messenger as saying, “One must not offer more than the amount agreed by his brother*, or ask a woman in marriage when his brother has done so, unless he permits him.” *i.e. when the parties have already agreed on a price. Muslim transmitted it.

Reported by Muslim (No. 1412b, 1412c, 1412f, 1542b, 2085d) and Ahmad (No. 4492). Cited in Mishkat al-Masabih (No. 2850).

Scholars’ grades

Scholar	Grade	Applies to	Work
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH	Authenticصَحِيحٌ	The hadith	تحقيق مشكاة المصابيح

Other versions

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1412b

A person should not enter into a transaction when his brother (had already entered into but not finalised), and he should not make proposal of marriage upon the proposal already made by his brother, until he permits it.

لاَ يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ وَلاَ يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1412c

The above hadith has been narrated by Ibn Umar through another chain.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ.

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1412f

A person should not enter into a transaction when his brother is already making a transaction and he should not make a proposal of marriage when his brother has already made a proposal except when he gives permission.

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1542b

'Abdullah (b. Umar) reported that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) forbade Muzabana, i. e. buying of fresh dates (on) the trees for dry dates by measure, and the buying of grapes for raisins by measure and the selling of field of corn for corn by measure.

نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ بَيْعِ ثَمَرِ النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعِ الزَّرْعِ بِالْحِنْطَةِ كَيْلاً ‏

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Authentic Sahih Muslim 2085d

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar through another chain of transmitters.

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ مُحَارِبِ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Not graded Musnad Ahmad 4492

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي نَافِعٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَبِعْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ وَلَا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar Arabic only

Also reported by… (25)

إتحاف الخيرة المهرة بزوائد المسانيد العشرة (1906)لَا يَبْتَاعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلَا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَتِهِ
إتحاف الخيرة المهرة بزوائد المسانيد العشرة (2354)لَا يَزِيدُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلَا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَتِهِ
إثارة الفوائد (179)لا تَنَاجَشُوا ، وَلا يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا تَسْأَلُ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلاقَ أُخْتِهَا لِتَكْتَفِئَ مَا فِي إِنَائِهَا
اختلاف الحديث للشافعي (87)لا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (10067)لا يَبِيعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ إِلا بِإِذْنِهِ
السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (12992)لا يَبِيعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ إِلا بِإِذْنِهِ
السنن الكبرى للنسائي (5174)لا تَنَاجَشُوا ، وَلا يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا تَسْأَلِ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلاقَ أُخْتِهَا لِتَكْتَفِئَ مَا فِي إِنَائِهَا
المسند المستخرج على صحيح مسلم لأبي نعيم (3036)لا يَبِعْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَهُ
المسند المستخرج على صحيح مسلم لأبي نعيم (3037)لا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَبِعْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ
المسند المستخرج على صحيح مسلم لأبي نعيم (3038)لا تَنَاجَشُوا ، وَلا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَذَكَرَ الْبَاقِي فِي التَّنَاجُشِ : أَنْ يَزِيدَ فِي ثَمَنِ السِّلْعَةِ ، وَهُوَ لا يُرِيدُهَا لِيَسْمَعَ غَيْرَهُ ، فَيَزِيدَ بِزِيَادَتِهِ
المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية لابن حجر (1482)لا يَبْتَاعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ
المعجم الأوسط للطبراني (521)لا يَنْكِحِ الْمُحْرِمُ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ وَلا يُخْطَبْ عَلَيْهِ ، وَلا يَبِعْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لَهُ
المعجم الكبير للطبراني (14305)لا يَبْتَاعُ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَتِهِ
المقصد العلي في زوائد أبي يعلى الموصلي جزء (588)لا يَبْتَاعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ
بغية الملتمس (94)“ لا تَنَاجَشُوا وَلا يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا تَسْأَلِ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلاقَ أُخْتِهَا لِتَكْتَفِئَ مَا فِي إِنَائِهَا “
صحيح ابن حبان (5074)لا يَبِعْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ إِلا بِإِذْنِهِ
صحيفة همام بن منبه (112)لا يَبِيعُ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ , وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ
مختصر الأحكام المستخرج على جامع الترمذي (940)“ لا يَبِيعُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ “
مسند أبي داود الطيالسي (945)لا يَزِيدُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَتِهِ
مسند أبي يعلى الموصلي (3980)لا يَبْتَاعَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ
مسند أبي يعلى الموصلي (6282)لا يَبِعْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، حَتَّى يَنْكِحَ أَوْ يَتْرُكَ
مسند الحميدي (991)لا تَنَاجَشُوا ، وَلا يَبِعِ الرُّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلا تَسْأَلِ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلاقَ أُخْتِهَا لِتَكْتَفِئَ مَا فِي إِنَائِهَا
مسند الحميدي (992)لا تَلَقُّوا الرُّكْبَانَ لِلْبَيْعِ ، وَلا تَنَاجَشُوا ، وَلا يَبِعْ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلا يَبِعِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ
مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (13483)لَا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ
مصنف عبد الرزاق (14437)لا يَبِعْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ، وَلا يَخْطُبْ عَلَى خِطْبَتِهِ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1779

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "A person should not enter into a transaction when his (Muslim) brother has already negotiated, nor should he make a proposal of marriage when that of his brother is pending, except with the permission of the latter." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

"‏لا يبع بعضكم على بيع بعض، ولا يخطب على خطبة أخيه إلا أن يأذن له‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 21 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1775

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade that a person in the city should make a deal on behalf of a villager on commission even if he is his real brother." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

عن أنس رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ نهى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يبيع حاضر لباد وإن كان أخاه لأبيه وأمه‏.‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik + 6 other versions

Not graded Muwatta Malik 1094

Yahya related to me from Malik from Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Habban from al-Araj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not ask for a woman in marriage when another muslim has already done so."

"‏ لاَ يَخْطُبُ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 22 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 807

"Do not go out to meet riders (to conduct business with them), and a city-dweller must not sell for a man from the desert." I asked Ibn 'Abbas (RA), "What did he mean by 'A city-dweller must not sell for a man from the desert.'" He replied, "He should not act as a broker for him." [Agreed upon and…

وَعَنْ طَاوُسٍ, عَنِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ‏-رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَا تَلَقَّوْا اَلرُّكْبَانَ, وَلَا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ".‏ قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: مَا…

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās + 5 other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 809

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade, a city-dweller to sell for a man from the desert; one to bid against another (to raise the price); that someone sell (his product) by canceling the sale of his brother; to propose (marriage) to a woman after his brother has done so; or a woman to ask to have her…

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: { نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ, وَلَا تَنَاجَشُوا, وَلَا يَبِيعُ اَلرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ, وَلَا يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ, وَلَا تُسْأَلُ…

+ 4 other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 808

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Do not go out to meet what is being brought (to market for sale). Whoever has done so and bought some of it, when its owner comes to the market he has the choice (of canceling the deal)." [Reported by Muslim].

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ لَا تَلَقَّوا اَلْجَلَبَ، فَمَنْ تُلُقِّيَ فَاشْتُرِيَ مِنْهُ, فَإِذَا أَتَى سَيِّدُهُ اَلسُّوقَ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ }…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 3 other versions

Mishkat al-Masabih 2850

Scholars’ grades

Other versions

A person should not enter into a transaction when his brother (had already entered into but not finalised), and he should not make proposal of marriage upon the proposal already made by his brother, until he permits it.

The above hadith has been narrated by Ibn Umar through another chain.

A person should not enter into a transaction when his brother is already making a transaction and he should not make a proposal of marriage when his brother has already made a proposal except when he gives permission.

'Abdullah (b. Umar) reported that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) forbade Muzabana, i. e. buying of fresh dates (on) the trees for dry dates by measure, and the buying of grapes for raisins by measure and the selling of field of corn for corn by measure.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar through another chain of transmitters.

On the same subject

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "A person should not enter into a transaction when his (Muslim) brother has already negotiated, nor should he make a proposal of marriage when that of his brother is pending, except with the permission of the latter." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade that a person in the city should make a deal on behalf of a villager on commission even if he is his real brother." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Yahya related to me from Malik from Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Habban from al-Araj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not ask for a woman in marriage when another muslim has already done so."

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade, a city-dweller to sell for a man from the desert; one to bid against another (to raise the price); that someone sell (his product) by canceling the sale of his brother; to propose (marriage) to a woman after his brother has done so; or a woman to ask to have her…

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Do not go out to meet what is being brought (to market for sale). Whoever has done so and bought some of it, when its owner comes to the market he has the choice (of canceling the deal)." [Reported by Muslim].

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