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Sahih al-BukhariPartnership

Sahih al-Bukhari 2504

Chapter: Sharing the slaves

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Sahih al-Bukhari 2504

Narrator:Abu Hurayrah

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ نَهِيكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏

مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ، أُعْتِقَ كُلُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ، وَإِلاَّ يُسْتَسْعَ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ ‏"

Narrated Abu Huraira:

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever manumits his share of a jointly possessed slave, it is essential for him to manumit the slave completely if he has sufficient money. Otherwise he should look for some work for the slave (to earn what would enable him to emancipate himself), without overburdening him with work."

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 2504).

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Explanation in Arabic

خلَقَ اللهُ سُبحانه وتعالَى النَّاسَ أحرارًا، وكَرِهَ أنْ يَسترِقَّ بَعضُهم بَعضًا، وقدْ جاء الإسلامُ ونِظامُ العُبوديَّةِ قائمٌ، فحَرَصتْ شَريعةُ الإسلامِ على العِتقِ، ويَسَّرتْ في أسبابِه.

وفي هذا الحديثِ يُبيِّنُ النَّبيُّ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ أنَّ مَنْ أعتَقَ شَقيصًا -والشِّقْصُ والشَّقِيص المرادُ به النَّصيبُ- له في عبْدٍ مَملوكٍ له ولغَيرِه، فإنَّه يَتعيَّنُ عليه أنْ يُعتِقَه جَميعَه مِن مالِه، إنْ كان له مالٌ يَستطيعُ الدَّفعَ منه، زائدٌ عَن قُوتِ يَومِه وقُوتِ مَن يَلْزَمُه نَفَقَتُه، ويَكْفي لضَروريَّاتِه، كالسَّكنِ والثَّوبِ ونحْوِها؛ حتَّى يكونَ العبدُ كلُّه حُرًّا، فإنْ لم يكُنْ هذا الرَّجلُ الَّذي أعتَقَ له مالٌ، قُوِّمَ المملوكُ قِيمةَ عدْلٍ، يعني: قُدِّرَ ثَمنُ هذا المَملوكِ بِقيمةٍ عادلةٍ تُساوي سِعرَه في الحقيقةِ بلا زِيادةٍ أو نُقصانٍ، ثُمَّ استُسْعِيَ غيرَ مَشقوقٍ عليه، يعني: يُمَكَّنُ هذا المملوكُ مِنَ العَملِ حتَّى يَدفَعَ باقيَ قِيمتِه؛ لِيكونَ حُرًّا دونَ أنْ يُشدَّدَ عليه في الاكتسابِ إذا عَجَزَ.

Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Bukharid. 256 AH Authenticصحيح The hadith صحيح البخاري No. 2504

Other versions

Also reported by… (1)
  • شرح السنة (2425)مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا فِي عَبْدٍ ، أُعْتِقَ كُلُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ ، وَإِلا يُسْتَسْعَ غَيْرَ مَشْقُوقٍ عَلَيْهِ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Muwatta Malik 1467

Malik related to me from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,said, "If a man frees his share of a slave and has enough money to cover the full price of the slave justly evaluated for him, he must buy out his partners so that the slave is…

"‏ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ فَكَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَ الْعَبْدِ قُوِّمَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةَ الْعَدْلِ فَأَعْطَى شُرَكَاءَهُ حِصَصَهُمْ وَعَتَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَبْدُ وَإِلاَّ فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا…

+ 14 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Mishkat al-Masabih 3389

Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying, “If anyone emancipates a share in a slave, he is to be completely emancipated if he has money; but if he has none, the slave will be required to work to pay for his freedom, but must not be overburdened.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا فِي عَبْدٍ أُعْتِقَ كُلُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتَسْعَى الْبعد غير مشقوق…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 12 other versions

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 3397

Abul Malih told on his father's authority that when a man emancipated a share in a slave, and the matter was mentioned to the Prophet he said, “God has no partner,” and decided chat he should be emancipated. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَن الْمَلِيحِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا مِنْ غُلَامٍ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ شَرِيكٌ» فَأَجَازَ عتقه. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

+ 1 other version

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 2491

Ibn `Umar said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'If one manumits his share of a jointly possessed slave, and can afford the price of the other shares according to the adequate price of the slave, the slave will be completely manumitted; otherwise he will be partially manumitted.' " (Aiyub, a…

مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا لَهُ مِنْ عَبْدٍ ـ أَوْ شِرْكًا أَوْ قَالَ نَصِيبًا ـ وَكَانَ لَهُ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَهُ بِقِيمَةِ الْعَدْلِ، فَهْوَ عَتِيقٌ، وَإِلاَّ فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 5 other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sunan Abu Dawud 3943

If anyone emancipates his share in a slave, he should emancipate him completely if he has enough money to pay the full price ; but if he has none, he will be emancipated to the extent of his share.

مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا مِنْ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ عِتْقُهُ كُلُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَا يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ عَتَقَ نَصِيبُهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 4 other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 2553

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "If one manumits his share of a common slave (Abd), and he has money sufficient to free the remaining portion of the price of the slave (justly estimated), then he should free the slave completely by paying the rest of his price; otherwise the slave is freed partly. "

مَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَصِيبًا لَهُ مِنَ الْعَبْدِ، فَكَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْمَالِ مَا يَبْلُغُ قِيمَتَهُ، يُقَوَّمُ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ، وَأُعْتِقَ مِنْ مَالِهِ، وَإِلاَّ فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 3 other versions

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