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Sahih al-BukhariSales and Trade

Sahih al-Bukhari 2185

Chapter: The sale called Al-Muzabana; which is the sale of dried dates for fresh ones (that are still on the trees), and dried grapes for fresh grapes and the sale called Al-‘Araya (i.e., the selling of ripe fresh date, still over the palms, by means of estimation, for dry dates).

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 2185

Narrator:Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنِ

الْمُزَابَنَةِ‏.‏ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ اشْتِرَاءُ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً، وَبَيْعُ الْكَرْمِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلاً‏.‏

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Muzabana; and Muzabana means the selling of fresh dates (on the trees) for dried dates by measure and also the selling of fresh grapes for dried grapes by measure.

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 2185, 2171), Muslim (No. 1542a), An-Nasa’i (No. 4534), Malik (No. 1316) and Ahmad (No. 4299, 5045, 5068).

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Classical commentary

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani — Fath al-Bari

قَوْله : ( بَيْع الثَّمَرِ ) بِالْمُثَلَّثَةِ وَتَحْرِيك الْمِيمِ , وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مُسْلِم " ثَمَر النَّخْلِ " وَهُوَ الْمُرَادُ هُنَا , وَلَيْسَ الْمُرَاد التَّمْر مِنْ غَيْرِ النَّخْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهُ بِالتَّمْرِ بِالْمُثَنَّاةِ وَالسُّكُونِ , وَإِنَّمَا وَقَعَ النَّهْيُ عَنْ الرُّطَبِ بِالتَّمْرِ لِكَوْنِهِ مُتَفَاضِلًا مِنْ جِنْسِهِ. قَوْله : ( كَيْلًا ) يَأْتِي الْكَلَام عَلَيْهِ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي بَعْدَهُ. قَوْله : ( وَبَيْع الْكَرْمِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلًا ) فِي رِوَايَةِ مُسْلِم " وَبَيْع الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلًا " وَالْكَرْم بِفَتْحِ الْكَافِ وَسُكُون الرَّاءِ هُوَ شَجَر الْعِنَبِ وَالْمُرَاد مِنْهُ هُنَا نَفْس الْعِنَبِ كَمَا أَوْضَحَتْهُ رِوَايَةُ مُسْلِم , وَ…

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Scholars’ grades

Grade taken from the status of the collection (Sahih al-Bukhari).

Other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 2171

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Muzabana; and Muzabana is the selling of fresh dates for dried old dates by measure, and the selling of fresh grapes for dried grapes by measure.

الْمُزَابَنَةِ، وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ بَيْعُ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً، وَبَيْعُ الزَّبِيبِ بِالْكَرْمِ كَيْلاً‏.‏

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sunan an-Nasa'i 4534

the messenger of Allah forbade Muzabana, and Muzabanah means selling fresh dates still on tree for dried dates by measure, and selling fresh grapes for raisins by measure.

نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ بَيْعُ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعُ الْكَرْمِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلاً ‏.‏

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Muwatta Malik 1316

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade muzabana. Muzabana was selling fresh dates for dried dates by measure, and selling grapes for raisins by measure.

حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ بَيْعُ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلاً وَبَيْعُ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Musnad Ahmad 4299

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ اشْتِرَاءُ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلًا…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar Arabic only

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Musnad Ahmad 5045

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ اشْتِرَاءُ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلًا…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar Arabic only

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Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Musnad Ahmad 5068

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ الْمُزَابَنَةِ قَالَ فَكَانَ نَافِعٌ يُفَسِّرُهَا…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar Arabic only

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On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 844

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade al-Muzabanah, which means that a man sells the fruit of his garden, if it consists of palm-trees (fresh dates), for dried dates by measure; or if it consists of grapes (on the vines), for raisins by measure; or if it is unpicked crops, he sells it for a measured amount…

وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ ‏-رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا‏- قَالَ: { نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ; أَنْ يَبِيعَ ثَمَرَ حَائِطِهِ إِنْ كَانَ نَخْلاً بِتَمْرٍ كَيْلاً, وَإِنْ كَانَ كَرْماً…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 6 other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 806

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Muhaqalah, Mukhadarah, Mulamasah, Munabadhah and Muzabamah. [Reported by al-Bukhari].

وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { نَهَى رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-عَنِ اَلْمُحَاقَلَةِ, وَالْمُخَاضَرَةِ, وَالْمُلَامَسَةِ, وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ, وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ } رَوَاهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ 1‏ .‏ ‏1 ‏-…

Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik + 1 other version

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 805

The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade Muhaqalah, Muzabanah, and Mukhabarah. He also forbade Thunya unless it was explicit (a known amount). [Reported by al-Khamsah excluding Ibn Majah; at-Tirmidhi graded it Sahih (authentic)].

وَعَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ ‏-رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا‏-; { أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-نَهَى عَنْ اَلْمُحَاقَلَةِ, وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ, وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ, وَعَنْ اَلثُّنْيَا, إِلَّا أَنْ تُعْلَمَ }…

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh + 3 other versions

Not graded Muwatta Malik 1317

Yahya related to me from Malik from Da'ud ibn al-Husayn from Abu Sufyan, the mawla of Ibn Abi Ahmad, from Abu Said al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade muzabana and muhaqala. Muzabana was selling fresh dates for dried dates while they were still on…

وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ، عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، مَوْلَى ابْنِ أَبِي أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ…

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri + 3 other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 2340

The people used to rent their land for cultivation for one-third, one-fourth or half its yield. The Prophet said, "Whoever has land should cultivate it himself or give it to his (Muslim) brother gratis; otherwise keep it uncultivated." Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Whoever has…

مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيَمْنَحْهَا، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَلْيُمْسِكْ أَرْضَهُ ‏"

Narrated by Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh + 19 other versions

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I said to Tawus, "I wish you would give up Mukhabara (Sharecropping), for the people say that the Prophet forbade it." On that Tawus replied, "O `Amr! I give the land to sharecroppers and help them. No doubt; the most learned man, namely Ibn `Abbas told me that the Prophet (ﷺ) had not forbidden it…

أَنْ يَمْنَحَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَخَاهُ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ عَلَيْهِ خَرْجًا مَعْلُومًا ‏"

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās + 11 other versions