Verily, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) disavowed the Sāliqah (wailing woman), the Hāliqah (shaving woman), and the Shāqqah (woman tearing garment)
Chapter: Shaving the head on a calamity is forbidden
AuthenticMu‘allaq (without full chain)Sahih al-Bukhari 1296
وَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ مُوسَى حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّ الْقَاسِمَ بْنَ مُخَيْمِرَةَ، حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بُرْدَةَ بْنُ أَبِي مُوسَى ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ وَجِعَ أَبُو مُوسَى وَجَعًا فَغُشِيَ عَلَيْهِ، وَرَأْسُهُ فِي حَجْرِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ، فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهَا شَيْئًا، فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ أَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِمَّنْ بَرِئَ مِنْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَرِئَ مِنَ الصَّالِقَةِ وَالْحَالِقَةِ وَالشَّاقَّةِ.
Abu Burdah ibn Abi Mūsa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Abu Mūsa was in such severe pain that he lost consciousness while his head was in the lap of a woman from his family, and he was unable to respond to her in any way. Upon regaining his consciousness, he said: I dissociate myself from whoever the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) dissociated himself from. Verily, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) disavowed the Sāliqah (wailing woman), the Hāliqah (shaving woman), and the Shāqqah (woman tearing garment).
Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 1296) and Muslim (No. 104a).
Abu Burdah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that his father, Abu Mūsa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him), got severely sick and lost consciousness. His head was in the lap of a woman from his family, so she screamed and wailed, but he could not respond to her because of being unconscious. When he regained his consciousness, he said that: He dissociates himself from whoever the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) dissociated himself from, and he (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) dissociated himself from the: Sāliqah: a woman who raises her voice in wailing upon calamity. Hāliqah: a woman who shaves her hair upon calamity. Shāqqah: a woman who tears her garment upon calamity. This is because they are from the practices of the pre-Islamic era of ignorance. Instead, one is commanded to be patient in times of calamity and to seek reward from Allah for it.
Lessons
Tearing the clothes, shaving the hair, and raising the voice in wailing when calamities strike are prohibited and are considered major sins.
Grief and crying, without wailing and raising the voice, are not forbidden, as they do not contradict patience with the decree of Allah; rather, they are a form of mercy.
It is prohibited to express discontent with Allah's painful decrees through speech or actions.
Patience is obligatory in times of calamity.
Explanation in Arabic
حَكَى أبو بردة رضي الله عنه أنّ أباه أبا موسى الأشعري رضي الله عنه مَرض مرضًا شديدًا فأغمي عليه، وكانت رأسه في حِجْر امرأةٍ من أهله، فصاحت ونَدَبَتْه، فلم يستطع أن يَرُدَّ عليها شيئًا بسبب إغمائه.
فلما أفاق قال: إنه بريءٌ ممن بَرِئَ منه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وإنه صلى الله عليه وسلم قد بَرِئَ من:
الصالقة: وهي الرافعة صوتها عند المصيبة.
والحالقة: وهي التي تَحلق شعرها عند المصيبة.
والشاقة: وهي التي تَشقُّ ثوبها عند المصيبة.
لأنها من أمور الجاهلية، بل أمر بالصبر عند المصائب، واحتساب أجرها على الله.
النهي عن شَقِّ الثوب، وحَلْق الشعر، ورفع الصوت عند وقوع المصائب، وأن ذلك من كبائر الذنوب.
الحزن والبكاء دون نياحةٍ ورَفْعِ صوتٍ ليس محرّمًا، فهو لا ينافي الصبر على قضاء الله، وإنما هو رحمة.
تحريم التسخُّط من أقدار الله المؤلمة بالقول أو الفعل.
وجوب الصبر عند وقوع المصائب.
Scholars’ grades
Original grading term, without a named scholar: صحيح
وعن عمرو بن شعيب، عن أبيه، عن جده رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن الشراء والبيع في المسجد، وأن تنشد فيه ضالة، أو ينشد فيه شعر. ((رواه أبو داود، والترمذي وقال حديث حسن))
