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Sunan Abu DawudHot Baths (Kitab Al-Hammam)

Verily, Allah, Glorified and Exalted, is characterized by modesty and concealment, and He loves modesty and concealment. Therefore, when any of you bathes, let him conceal himself

Chapter: The prohibition of nudity

Authentic 3 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 4012

Narrator:Ya‘lā ibn Umayya

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُفَيْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ الْعَرْزَمِيِّ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ يَعْلَى، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم رَأَى رَجُلاً يَغْتَسِلُ بِالْبَرَازِ بِلاَ إِزَارٍ فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏

إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حَيِيٌّ سِتِّيرٌ يُحِبُّ الْحَيَاءَ وَالسَّتْرَ فَإِذَا اغْتَسَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ ‏"

Ya‘la ibn Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saw a man bathing in an open area without a lower garment. So he mounted the pulpit, praised and extolled Allah, and said: "Verily, Allah, Glorified and Exalted, is characterized by modesty and concealment, and He loves modesty and concealment. Therefore, when any of you bathes, let him conceal himself."

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 4012) and An-Nasa’i (No. 406).

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Explanation

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saw a man bathing in a wide open area while being naked. Thus, he ascended the pulpit, praised Allah and extolled Him, then he said: "Verily, Allah, Glorified and Exalted, is characterized by modesty and concealment, and He loves modesty and concealment. Therefore, when any of you bathes, let him conceal himself." Among the beautiful names of Allah, the Almighty, are Al-Hayiyy (the Shy and Modest One) and As-Sittīr (the Concealer), and He loves modesty and concealment. Hence, the Muslim should not expose his private parts in front of people when he is bathing, rather, it is obligatory for him to cover himself. Allah, the Almighty, is described as Modest in a manner that befits Him, not like the modesty of creatures, which is basically a change and embarrassment that overcome one when fearing blame or dispraise. Rather, the modesty of Allah is leaving whatever does not befit the vastness of His mercy, the perfection of His generosity and munificence, and the greatness of His forbearance and pardon.

Explanation in Arabic

رأى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم رجلًا يغتسل في الفضاء الواسع عريانًا، فصعِد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم المِنْبر، فحَمِد اللهَ وأثنى عليه، ثم قال: «إنَّ اللهَ عزَّ وجلَّ حَيِيٌّ سَتِيرٌ، يحب الحياءَ والسَّتر؛ فإذا اغتسل أحدُكم فليستتر» أي: إن من أسماء الله تعالى الحيي الستير، فهو سبحانه يحب الحياء والستر، فلا ينبغي لمسلم أن يكشف عورته أمام الناس إذا اغتسل، بل يجب عليه أن يستتر، وحياؤه تعالى وصف يليق به، ليس كحياء المخلوقين، الذي هو تغير وانكسار يعتري الشخص عند خوف ما يعاب أو يُذم، بل هو ترك ما ليس يتناسب مع سعة رحمته وكمال جوده وكرمه وعظيم عفوه وحلمه.

  • الحيي والستير من الأسماء الحسنى.
  • وجوب الاستتار عند الغسل.

Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( بِالْبِرَازِ ) : الْمُرَاد بِهِ هُنَا الْفَضَاء الْوَاسِع وَالْبَاء لِلظَّرْفِيَّةِ ( حَيِيّ ) : بِكَسْرِ الْيَاء الْأُولَى كَثِير الْحَيَاء فَلَا يَرُدّ مَنْ سَأَلَهُ ( سِتِّير ) : بِالْكَسْرِ وَالتَّشْدِيد تَارِك لِحُبِّ الْقَبَائِح سَاتِر لِلْعُيُوبِ وَالْفَضَائِح قَالَهُ الْمُنَاوِيُّ. وَفِي النِّهَايَة : سِتِّير فِعِّيل بِمَعْنَى فَاعِل , أَيْ مِنْ شَأْنه وَإِرَادَته حُبّ السَّتْر وَالصَّوْن اِنْتَهَى. وَفِي النَّيْل : سَتِير بِسِينٍ مُهْمَلَة مَفْتُوحَة وَتَاء مُثَنَّاة مِنْ فَوْق مَكْسُورَة وَيَاء تَحْتِيَّة سَاكِنَة ثُمَّ رَاء مُهْمَلَة اِنْتَهَى ( فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ ) : وُجُوبًا إِنْ كَانَ ثَمَّ مَنْ يُحَرِّم نَظَرَهُ لِعَوْرَتِهِ وَنَدْبًا فِي غَيْر ذَلِكَ. وَاغْتِسَاله صَلَّى اللَّه…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih صحيح The hadith No. 4012
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 4012
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 4012

Other versions

Good (hasan) Mishkat al-Masabih 447

Ya'la told of God's messenger seeing a man washing in a public place, so he mounted the pulpit, and when he had praised and extolled God he said, “God is characterised by modesty and concealment and loves modesty and concealment, so when any of you washes he should conceal himself.” Abu Dawud and…

وَعَن يعلى: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى رَجُلًا يَغْتَسِلُ بِالْبَرَازِ فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ الله وَأثْنى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: «إِن الله عز وَجل حييّ حييّ ستير يحب الْحيَاء والستر…

Narrated by Ya‘lā ibn Umayya

Also reported by… (1)
  • السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (884)اللَّهَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ حَيِيُّ سِتِّيرٌ يُحِبُّ الْحَيَاءَ وَالسِّتْرَ ، فَإِذَا اغْتَسَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ

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