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Sunan Abu DawudFoods (Kitab Al-At'imah)

Sunan Abu Dawud 3846

Chapter: Regarding a servant eating with his master

Authentic 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 3846

Narrator:Abu Hurayrah

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏

إِذَا صَنَعَ لأَحَدِكُمْ خَادِمُهُ طَعَامًا ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ بِهِ وَقَدْ وَلِيَ حَرَّهُ وَدُخَانَهُ فَلْيُقْعِدْهُ مَعَهُ لِيَأْكُلَ فَإِنْ كَانَ الطَّعَامُ مَشْفُوهًا فَلْيَضَعْ فِي يَدِهِ مِنْهُ أَكْلَةً أَوْ أَكْلَتَيْنِ ‏"

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying :

If the servant of any of you prepares food for him, and he brings it to him, while he had suffered its heat and smoke. He should make him sit with him to eat. If the food is scanty, he should put one or two morsels in his hand.

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 3846), Muslim (No. 1663) and Ahmad (No. 7401).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( إِذَا صَنَعَ ) : أَيْ طَبَخَ ( خَادِمه ) : أَيْ عَبْده أَوْ أَمَته أَوْ مُطْلَقًا ( بِهِ ) : أَيْ بِالطَّعَامِ ( وَقَدْ وَلِيَ ) : بِكَسْرِ اللَّام الْمُخَفَّفَة أَيْ وَالْحَال أَنَّهُ قَدْ تَوَلَّى أَوْ قَرُبَ ( حَرّه ) : أَيْ نَاره أَوْ تَعَبه ( وَدُخَانه ) : تَخْصِيص بَعْد تَعْمِيم أَوْ الْأَوَّل مَخْصُوص بِبَعْضِ الْجَوَارِح وَالثَّانِي بِبَعْضٍ آخَر ( فَلْيُقْعِدْهُ مَعَهُ ) : أَمْر مِنْ الْإِقْعَاد لِلِاسْتِحْبَابِ ( فَلْيَأْكُلْ ) : أَيْ مَعَهُ وَلَا يَسْتَنْكِف كَمَا هُوَ دَأْب الْجَبَابِرَة فَإِنَّهُ أَخُوهُ. وَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّهُ قَاسَى كُلْفَة اِتِّخَاذه وَحَمْلِهَا عَنْك فَيَنْبَغِي أَنْ تُشَارِكهُ فِي الْحَظّ مِنْهُ ( فَإِنْ كَانَ الطَّعَام مَشْفُوهًا ) : أَيْ قَلِيلًا. قَالَ ا…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih صحيح The hadith No. 3846
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 3846
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih Bukhari (2557) Sahih Muslim (1663) The hadith No. 3846
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 3846

Other versions

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1663

When the slave of anyone amongst you prepares food for him and he serves him after having sat close to (and undergoing the hardship of) heat and smoke, he should make him (the slave) sit along with him and make him eat (along with him), and if the food seems to run short, then he should spare some…

إِذَا صَنَعَ لأَحَدِكُمْ خَادِمُهُ طَعَامَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ بِهِ وَقَدْ وَلِيَ حَرَّهُ وَدُخَانَهُ فَلْيُقْعِدْهُ مَعَهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ فَإِنْ كَانَ الطَّعَامُ مَشْفُوهًا قَلِيلاً فَلْيَضَعْ فِي يَدِهِ مِنْهُ أُكْلَةً أَوْ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Authentic Mishkat al-Masabih 3347

Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When anyone’s servant prepares his food and brings it to him after being near its heat and smoke, he should make him sit down with him and eat; but if the company is large* and the food small in quantity he should put one or two mouthfuls of it in…

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا صَنَعَ لِأَحَدِكُمْ خَادِمُهُ طَعَامَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ بِهِ وَقَدْ وَلِيَ حره ودخانه فليقعده مَعَه فَليَأْكُل وَإِن كَانَ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Also reported by… (2)
  • الآداب للبيهقي (51)إِذَا صَنَعَ خَادِمُ أَحَدِكُمْ لَهُ طَعَامًا فَجَاءَ بِهِ وَقَدْ وَلِيَ حَرَّهُ وَدُخَانَهُ ، فَلْيُقْعِدْهُ مَعَهُ لِيَأْكُلَ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ الطَّعَامُ مَشْفُوهًا ، فَلْيَضَعْ فِي يَدِهِ أُكْلَةً أَوْ أُكْلَتَيْنِ
  • التمهيد لابن عبد البر (4668)إذا صنع لأحدكم خادمه طعاما وقد ولي حره ودخانه فليقعده معه فليأكل ، فإن كان الطعام قليلا ، فليضع في يده منه أكلة أو أكلتين

On the same subject

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 1156

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one's servant serves him with his food, if he does not make him sit down with him (and eat) he should give him one or two morsels (of it)." [Agreed upon, and the wording is al-Bukhari's].

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ إِذَا أَتَى أَحَدَكُمْ خَادِمُهُ بِطَعَامِهِ, فَإِنْ لَمْ يُجْلِسْهُ مَعَهُ, فَلْيُنَاوِلْهُ لُقْمَةً أَوْ لُقْمَتَيْنِ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 9 other versions

Authentic Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1853

From his father that Abu Hurairah informed them that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "When the servant of one of you has endured heat and smoke preparing his food for him, then let him take him by the hand and make him sit him down with him. If he refuses, then let him take a morsel and feed him with it."…

"‏ إِذَا كَفَى أَحَدَكُمْ خَادِمُهُ طَعَامَهُ حَرَّهُ وَدُخَانَهُ فَلْيَأْخُذْ بِيَدِهِ فَلْيُقْعِدْهُ مَعَهُ فَإِنْ أَبَى فَلْيَأْخُذْ لُقْمَةً فَلْيُطْعِمْهَا إِيَّاهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 1 other version

Authentic Sunan Ibn Majah 3291

“When the servant of anyone of you brings his food, let him make him sit down with him or give him some of it, for he is the one who put up with its heat and smoke.”

"‏ إِذَا جَاءَ خَادِمُ أَحَدِكُمْ بِطَعَامِهِ فَلْيُقْعِدْهُ مَعَهُ أَوْ لِيُنَاوِلْهُ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهُ هُوَ الَّذِي وَلِيَ حَرَّهُ وَدُخَانَهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd + 1 other version

Authentic Sunan Ibn Majah 3289

“I heard Abu Hurairah say: ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “When the servant of anyone of you brings him his food, let him make him sit by his side and eat with him, and if he refuses then let him give him some.”

"‏ إِذَا جَاءَ أَحَدَكُمْ خَادِمُهُ بِطَعَامِهِ فَلْيُجْلِسْهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ مَعَهُ فَإِنْ أَبَى فَلْيُنَاوِلْهُ مِنْهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Authentic Sunan Ibn Majah 3290

“When the slave of anyone of you brings his food to him, for which he (the slave) has worked hard and endured heat, let him invite him to eat with him, and if he does not do that then let him take a morsel and put it in his hand.”

"‏ إِذَا أَحَدُكُمْ قَرَّبَ إِلَيْهِ مَمْلُوكُهُ طَعَامًا قَدْ كَفَاهُ عَنَاءَهُ وَحَرَّهُ فَلْيَدْعُهُ فَلْيَأْكُلْ مَعَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَلْيَأْخُذْ لُقْمَةً فَلْيَجْعَلْهَا فِي يَدِهِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

English
Tuesday, October 13, 2026 2 جمادى الأولى 1448 هـ

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