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Sunan Abu DawudOaths and Vows (Kitab Al-Aiman Wa Al-Nudhur)

Sunan Abu Dawud 3288

Chapter: Is It Disliked To Make Vows

Authentic 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 3288

Narrator:Abu Hurayrah

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ قُرِئَ عَلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ، أَخْبَرَكُمُ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏:‏ ‏"

‏ لاَ يَأْتِي ابْنَ آدَمَ النَّذْرُ الْقَدَرَ بِشَىْءٍ لَمْ أَكُنْ قَدَّرْتُهُ لَهُ، وَلَكِنْ يُلْقِيهِ النَّذْرُ الْقَدَرَ قَدَّرْتُهُ يُسْتَخْرَجُ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ يُؤْتَى عَلَيْهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يُؤْتَى مِنْ قَبْلُ ‏"

Narrated Abu Hurairah:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: A vow does not provide for the son of Adam anything which I did not decree for him, but a vow draws it. A Divine decree is one which I have destined, it is extracted from a miser. He is given what he was not given before.

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 3288), Al-Bukhari (No. 6609, 6694), Ibn Majah (No. 2123) and Ahmad (No. 7805).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( لَا يَأْتِي اِبْنَ آدَم ) مَنْصُوب لِأَنَّهُ مَفْعُول ( النَّذْر ) بِالرَّفْعِ فَاعِل لَا يَأْتِي ( الْقَدَرَ ) مَفْعُول ثَانٍ ( بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ أَكُنْ قَدَّرْته ) أَيْ الشَّيْء وَالْجُمْلَة صِفَة لِقَوْلِهِ بِشَيْءٍ وَهُوَ مِنْ الْأَحَادِيث الْقُدْسِيَّة وَلَكِنَّهُ مَا صَرَّحَ بِرَفْعِهِ إِلَى اللَّه تَعَالَى ( لَهُ ) أَيْ لِابْنِ آدَم ( وَلَكِنْ يُلْقِيه ) بِضَمِّ الْيَاء مِنْ الْإِلْقَاء أَيْ اِبْن آدَم ( النَّذْرُ ) فَاعِله ( الْقَدَر ) أَيْ إِلَى الْقَدَر ( قَدَّرْته ) وَالْجُمْلَة صِفَة لِقَوْلِهِ الْقَدَر ( يُؤْتَى ) أَيْ يُعْطَى الْبَخِيل ( عَلَيْهِ ) أَيْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْأَمْر الَّذِي بِسَبَبِهِ نَذْر , كَالشِّفَاءِ ( مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يُؤْتَى ) أَيْ يُعْطِي الْبَخِيل ( عَلَيْهِ ) أَ…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih صحيح The hadith No. 3288
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 3288
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih Bukhari (6694) Sahih Muslim (1640) The hadith No. 3288
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 3288

Other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 6609

The Prophet (ﷺ) said (that Allah said), "Vowing does not bring to the son of Adam anything I have not already written in his fate, but vowing is imposed on him by way of fore ordainment. Through vowing I make a miser spend of his wealth."

لاَ يَأْتِي ابْنَ آدَمَ النَّذْرُ بِشَىْءٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ قَدْ قَدَّرْتُهُ، وَلَكِنْ يُلْقِيهِ الْقَدَرُ وَقَدْ قَدَّرْتُهُ لَهُ، أَسْتَخْرِجُ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 6694

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah says, 'The vow, does not bring about for the son of Adam anything I have not decreed for him, but his vow may coincide with what has been decided for him, and by this way I cause a miser to spend of his wealth. So he gives Me (spends in charity) for the fulfillment of…

لاَ يَأْتِي ابْنَ آدَمَ النَّذْرُ بِشَىْءٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ قُدِّرَ لَهُ، وَلَكِنْ يُلْقِيهِ النَّذْرُ إِلَى الْقَدَرِ قَدْ قُدِّرَ لَهُ، فَيَسْتَخْرِجُ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ، فَيُؤْتِي عَلَيْهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Authentic Sunan Ibn Majah 2123

"Vows do not bring the son of Adam anything unless it has been decreed for him. But he is dominated by Divine preordainment, and will get what is decreed for him. And (vows) are a means of making the miser give something, so what he desires becomes obtainable for him, which was not obtainable…

"‏ إِنَّ النَّذْرَ لاَ يَأْتِي ابْنَ آدَمَ بِشَىْءٍ إِلاَّ مَا قُدِّرَ لَهُ وَلَكِنْ يَغْلِبُهُ الْقَدَرُ مَا قُدِّرَ لَهُ فَيُسْتَخْرَجُ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ فَيَتَيَسَّرُ عَلَيْهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَتَيَسَّرُ عَلَيْهِ…

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah

Also reported by… (2)
  • التوحيد لابن منده (316)لَا يَأْتِي ابْنَ آدَمَ النَّذْرُ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ أَكُنْ قَدْ قَدَّرْتُهُ ، وَلَكِنْ يُلْقِيهِ الْقَدْرُ ، وَقَدْ قَدَّرْتُهُ لَهُ أَسْتَخْرِجَ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ
  • مستخرج أبي عوانة (4637)لا يَأْتِي ابْنَ آدَمَ النَّذْرُ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ أَكُنْ قَدَّرْتُهُ لَهُ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ يُلْقِيهِ النَّذْرُ قَدَرٌ قَدَّرْتُهُ لَهُ ، فَيُسْتَخْرَجُ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ يُؤْتِينِي عَلَيْهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ آتَانِي مِنْ قَبْلُ

On the same subject

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sunan Abu Dawud 3287

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade to make a vow. He said: It has not effect against fate, it is only from the miserly that it is means by which something is extracted. Musaddad said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: A vow does not avert anything (i.e. has no effect against fate).

‏ ‏"‏ لاَ يَرُدُّ شَيْئًا، وَإِنَّمَا يُسْتَخْرَجُ بِهِ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 11 other versions

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1640c

The vow does not bring anything near to the son of Adam which Allah has not ordained for him, but (at times) the vow coincides with Destiny, and this is how something is extracted from the miserly person, which that miser was not willing to give.

النَّذْرَ لاَ يُقَرِّبُ مِنِ ابْنِ آدَمَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ قَدَّرَهُ لَهُ وَلَكِنِ النَّذْرُ يُوَافِقُ الْقَدَرَ فَيُخْرَجُ بِذَلِكَ مِنَ الْبَخِيلِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنِ الْبَخِيلُ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 2 other versions

English
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