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Sunan Abu DawudTribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah)

Sunan Abu Dawud 3018

Chapter: What Has Been Related About The Ruling On The Land Of Khaibar

Differing grades 3 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 3018

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ السَّرْحِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم

افْتَتَحَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْوَةً بَعْدَ الْقِتَالِ وَنَزَلَ مَنْ نَزَلَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا عَلَى الْجَلاَءِ بَعْدَ الْقِتَالِ

Ibn Shihab said “It has reached me that the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) conquered Khaibar by force. Its inhabitants who came down (from their fortress) for expulsion came down after fighting.”

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 3018).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( وَنَزَلَ مَنْ نَزَلَ مِنْ أَهْلهَا عَلَى الْجَلَاء ) : أَيْ عَلَى الْخُرُوج مِنْ الْوَطَن. قَالَ الْمُنْذِرِيُّ : وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُرْسَل. ثُمَّ اِعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ اُخْتُلِفَ فِي فَتْح خَيْبَر هَلْ كَانَ عَنْوَة كَمَا قَالَ أَنَس رَضِيَ اللَّه عَنْهُ وَابْن شِهَاب فِي رِوَايَة يُونُس عَنْهُ أَوْ صُلْحًا أَوْ بَعْضهَا صُلْحًا وَالْبَاقِي عَنْوَة كَمَا رَوَاهُ مَالِك عَنْ الزُّهْرِيّ عَنْ سَعِيد بْن الْمُسَيِّب , وَفِي حَدِيث عَبْد الْعَزِيز بْن صُهَيْبٍ عَنْ أَنَس التَّصْرِيح بِأَنَّهُ كَانَ عَنْوَة. قَالَ حَافِظ الْمَغْرِب اِبْن عَبْد الْبَرّ : هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيح فِي أَرْض خَيْبَر أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ عَنْوَة كُلّهَا مَغْلُوبًا عَلَيْهَا بِخِلَافِ فَدَك , فَإِنَّ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَ…

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Scholars’ grades

The 3 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 3018
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH WeakDaif The hadith No. 3018
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 3018

Other versions

Also reported by… (1)
  • الأموال لابن زنجويه (181)افْتَتَحَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْوَةً بَعْدَ الْقِتَالِ ، وَكَانَتْ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ فَخَمَّسَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَسَّمَهَا بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَنَزَلَ مَنْ نَزَلَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا عَلَى الْجَلاءِ بَعْدَ الْقِتَالِ ، فَدَعَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ : إِنْ شِئْتُمْ دَفَعْتُ إِ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 906

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had agreed with the people of Khaibar to give (to the Muslim authority) half what it produced of fruits or crops. [Agreed upon].

عَنْ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ ‏-رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا‏-; { أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-عَامَلَ أَهْلَ خَيْبَرَ بِشَطْرِ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا مِنْ ثَمَرٍ, أَوْ زَرْعٍ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ 1‏ .‏ ‏1 ‏- صحيح.‏…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 7 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 906b

They asked him (ﷺ) to allow them to stay on the land, on condition that they should do all the cultivation and have half the dates. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied to them, "We shall allow you to stay on the land, on that condition, as long as we wish." So they remained on the land till 'Umar (RA)…

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُمَا: فَسَأَلُوا أَنْ يُقِرَّهُمْ بِهَا عَلَى أَنْ يَكْفُوا عَمَلَهَا وَلَهُمْ نِصْفُ اَلثَّمَرِ, فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-{ نُقِرُّكُمْ بِهَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَا شِئْنَا…

+ 3 other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 906c

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) handed over to the Jews of Khaibar, the palm-trees and the land of Khaibar, on condition that they should employ their own resources in working on it and keep half of its produce.

وَلِمُسْلِمٍ: { أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-دَفَعَ إِلَى يَهُودِ خَيْبَرَ نَخْلَ خَيْبَرَ وَأَرْضَهَا عَلَى أَنْ يَعْتَمِلُوهَا مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ, وَلَهُ شَطْرُ ثَمَرِهَا } 1‏ .‏ ‏1 ‏- صحيح.‏ رواه…

+ 3 other versions

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 1806

'A’isha said the Prophet used to send 'Abdallah b. Rawaha to Jews, and he would make an estimate of the palm trees when the fruit was in good condition before any of it was eaten. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يبْعَث عبد الله ابْن رَوَاحَةَ إِلَى يَهُودٍ فَيَخْرُصُ النَّخْلَ حِينَ يَطِيبُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 2 other versions

Not graded Muwatta Malik 1392

a half or a third or a quarter or whatever." Malik said, "Share-cropping is also permitted in any crop which emerges from the earth if it is a crop which is picked, and its owner cannot water, work on it and tend it. "Share- cropping becomes reprehensible in anything in which share-cropping is…

وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يَبْعَثُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ فَيَخْرُصُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ يَهُودِ خَيْبَرَ…

Wednesday, October 14, 2026 3 جمادى الأولى 1448 هـ