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Sunan Abu DawudTribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah)

Sunan Abu Dawud 2950

Chapter: Regarding Matters Of Those Who Are Under Imam, His Duties, And Him Secluding Himself From Them

Differing grades 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 2950

Narrator:Umar ibn al-Khattāb

حَدَّثَنَا النُّفَيْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، قَالَ ذَكَرَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ يَوْمًا الْفَىْءَ فَقَالَ مَا أَنَا بِأَحَقَّ، بِهَذَا الْفَىْءِ مِنْكُمْ وَمَا أَحَدٌ مِنَّا بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلاَّ أَنَّا عَلَى مَنَازِلِنَا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَقَسْمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم

فَالرَّجُلُ وَقِدَمُهُ وَالرَّجُلُ وَبَلاَؤُهُ وَالرَّجُلُ وَعِيَالُهُ وَالرَّجُلُ وَحَاجَتُهُ

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab:

Malik ibn Aws ibn al-Hadthan said: One day Umar ibn al-Khattab mentioned the spoils of war and said: I am not more entitled to this spoil of war than you; and none of us is more entitled to it than another, except that we occupy our positions fixed by the Book of Allah, Who is Great and Glorious, and the division made by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), people being arranged according to their precedence in accepting Islam, the hardship they have endured their having children and their need.

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 2950).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( مَا أَنَا بِأَحَقّ بِهَذَا الْفَيْء مِنْكُمْ ) : فِيهِ دَلِيل عَلَى أَنَّ الْإِمَام كَسَائِرِ النَّاس لَا فَضْل لَهُ عَلَى غَيْره فِي تَقْدِيم وَلَا تَوْفِير نَصِيب قَالَهُ الشَّوْكَانِيُّ ( إِلَّا أَنَّا عَلَى مَنَازِلنَا مِنْ كِتَاب اللَّه ) : أَيْ لَكِنْ نَحْنُ عَلَى مَنَازِلنَا وَمَرَاتِبنَا الْمُبَيَّنَة مِنْ كِتَاب اللَّه كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى { لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ } الْآيَات الثَّلَاث , وَقَوْله سُبْحَانه { وَالسَّابِقُونَ الْأَوَّلُونَ مِنْ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَار } الْآيَة وَغَيْرهمَا مِنْ الْآيَات الدَّالَّة عَلَى تَفَاوُت مَنَازِل الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَهُ الْقَارِي ( وَقَسْم رَسُوله ) : بِالْجَرِّ عَطْف عَلَى كِتَاب اللَّه أَيْ وَمِنْ قَسْمه مِمَّا كَانَ يَسْلُكهُ صَ…

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Scholars’ grades

The 4 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH Good (hasan)Hasan The hadith No. 2950
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH Good (hasan)Hasan The hadith No. 2950
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH WeakDaif The hadith No. 2950
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH Good (hasan)Hasan The hadith No. 2950

Other versions

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 4060

I have no more right to this fai’ than you, and none of us has more right to it than another, except that we occupy our positions fixed by the Book of God who is great and glorious and the division made by His Messenger, people being arranged according to their precedence in accepting Islam, the…

وَعَن مالكِ بن أوسِ بن الحدَثانِ قَالَ: ذكر عمر بن الْخطاب يَوْمًا الْفَيْءَ فَقَالَ: مَا أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا الْفَيْءِ مِنْكُمْ وَمَا أَحَدٌ مِنَّا بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا أَنَّا عَلَى مَنَازِلِنَا مِنْ…

Also reported by… (1)
  • الأحاديث المختارة (252)الرَّجُلُ مِنَّا وَقَدَمُهُ ، وَالرَّجُلُ وَبَلاؤُهُ ، وَالرَّجُلُ وَعِيَالُهُ ، وَالرَّجُلُ وَحَاجَتُهُ
Tuesday, October 13, 2026 2 جمادى الأولى 1448 هـ