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Sunan Abu DawudJihad (Kitab Al-Jihad)

Sunan Abu Dawud 2646

Chapter: Fleeing On The Day Of The March

Authentic 4 scholars’ grades Companion’s words (mawquf) Sunan Abu Dawud 2646

Narrator:Ibn ‘Abbās

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو تَوْبَةَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ خِرِّيتٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ نَزَلَتْ ‏‏{‏ إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ ‏}‏ فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ حِينَ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ لاَ يَفِرَّ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جَاءَ تَخْفِيفٌ فَقَالَ ‏‏{‏ الآنَ خَفَّفَ اللَّهُ عَنْكُمْ ‏}‏ قَرَأَ أَبُو تَوْبَةَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ ‏}‏ قَالَ

فَلَمَّا خَفَّفَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمْ مِنَ الْعِدَّةِ نَقَصَ مِنَ الصَّبْرِ بِقَدْرِ مَا خَفَّفَ عَنْهُمْ

Ibn ‘Abbas said “When the verse “If there are twenty amongst you patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred” was revealed. It was heavy and troublesome for Muslims when Allaah prescribed for them that one (fighting Muslim) should not fly from ten (fighting Non-Muslims). Then a light commandment was revealed saying “For the present Allaah hath lightened your (task).” The narrator Abu Tawbah recited the verse to “they will vanquish two hundred.” When Allaah lightened the number, patient and perseverance also decreased according to the number lightened from them.”

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 2646) and Al-Bukhari (No. 4653).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( عَنْ الزُّبَيْر بْن خِرِّيت ) : بِكَسْرِ الْمُعْجَمَة وَتَشْدِيد الرَّاء بَعْدهَا تَحْتَانِيَّة سَاكِنَة ثُمَّ مُثَنَّاة فَوْقِيَّة ثِقَة مِنْ صِغَار التَّابِعِينَ { يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ } : أَيْ مِنْ الْكُفَّار. وَالْمَعْنَى لِيُقَاتِل الْعِشْرُونَ مِنْكُمْ الْمِائَتَيْنِ مِنْهُمْ وَيَثْبُتُوا مَعَهُمْ ( فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ ) : أَيْ الْحُكْم الْمَذْكُور { الْآن خَفَّفَ اللَّه عَنْكُمْ } : وَبَعْده { وَعَلِمَ أَنَّ فِيكُمْ ضَعْفًا فَإِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ مِائَة صَابِرَة يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ } : أَيْ لِتُقَاتِلُوا مِثْلَيْكُمْ وَتَثْبُتُوا لَهُمْ ( قَالَ فَلَمَّا خَفَّفَ اللَّه عَنْهُمْ إِلَخْ ) : وَهَذَا قَالَهُ اِبْن عَبَّاس تَوْقِيفًا عَلَى مَا يَظْهَر وَيَحْتَمِل أَنْ يَكُون قَالَهُ بِطَر…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih صحيح The hadith No. 2646
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 2646
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH AuthenticSahih Bukhari (4653) The hadith No. 2646
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 2646

Other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 4653

When the Verse:--'If there are twenty steadfast amongst you (Muslims), they will overcome twohundred (non-Muslims).' was revealed, it became hard on the Muslims when it became compulsory that one Muslim ought not to flee (in war) before ten (non-Muslims). So (Allah) lightened the order by…

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ ‏‏{‏إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ‏}‏ شَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ حِينَ فُرِضَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ لاَ يَفِرَّ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ، فَجَاءَ التَّخْفِيفُ فَقَالَ…

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās

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