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Sunan Abu DawudFasting (Kitab Al-Siyam)

Sunan Abu Dawud 2327

Chapter: Whoever Said That If It Is Obscured From You (The Crescent), Then Fast Thirty Days

Differing grades 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 2327

Narrator:Ibn ‘Abbās

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ، عَنْ زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏

لاَ تُقَدِّمُوا الشَّهْرَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ وَلاَ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَىْءٌ يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ وَلاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ ثُمَّ صُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ حَالَ دُونَهُ غَمَامَةٌ فَأَتِمُّوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلاَثِينَ ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا وَ الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ ‏"

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas:

The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Do not fast one day or two days just before Ramadan except in the case of a man who has been in the habit or observing a fast (on that day); and do not fast until you sight it (the moon). Then fast until you sight it. If a cloud appears on that day (i.e. 29th of Ramadan) then complete the number thirty (days) and then end the fasting: a month consists of twenty-nine days.

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 2327).

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Classical commentary

Al-Azimabadi — Awn al-Ma'bud

( لَا تُقَدِّمُوا الشَّهْر بِصِيَامِ يَوْم وَلَا يَوْمَيْنِ ) : وَفِي رِوَايَة الْبُخَارِيّ : لَا يَتَقَدَّمَنَّ أَحَدكُمْ رَمَضَان بِصَوْمِ يَوْم أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ الْحَدِيث. قَالَ التِّرْمِذِيّ بَعْد إِخْرَاج هَذَا الْحَدِيث وَالْعَمَل عَلَى هَذَا عِنْد أَهْل الْعِلْم كَرِهُوا أَنْ يَتَعَجَّل الرَّجُل بِصِيَامٍ قَبْل دُخُول شَهْر رَمَضَان لِمَعْنَى رَمَضَان اِنْتَهَى. أَيْ لِتَعْظِيمِهِ. وَقَالَ الْحَافِظ فِي الْفَتْح : قَالَ الْعُلَمَاء مَعْنَى الْحَدِيث لَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا رَمَضَان بِصِيَامٍ عَلَى نِيَّة الِاحْتِيَاط لِرَمَضَان , وَالْحِكْمَة فِيهِ التَّقَوِّي بِالْفِطْرِ لِرَمَضَان لِيَدْخُل فِيهِ بِقُوَّةِ وَنَشَاط. وَقِيلَ الْحِكْمَة فِيهِ خَشْيَة اِخْتِلَاط النَّفْل بِالْفَرْضِ. وَقِيلَ…

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Scholars’ grades

The 4 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih صحيح The hadith No. 2327
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH AuthenticHasan Sahih The hadith No. 2327
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH WeakDaif The hadith No. 2327
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 2327

Other versions

Also reported by… (1)
  • السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (7343)لا تَقَدَّمُوا الشَّهْرَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ وَلا يَوْمَيْنِ ، إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ شَيْئًا يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ ، وَلا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ ، ثُمَّ صُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ ، فَإِنْ حَالَ دُونَهُ غَمَامَةٌ فَأَتِمُّوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلاثِينَ ، ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1221

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Observe Saum (fast) on sighting the crescent and terminate it on sighting it (the new moon), but if the sky is cloudy before you, then complete the number (thirty days) of the month." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

وعنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏"‏صوموا لرؤيته، وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن غَبِيَ عليكم فأكملوا عدة شعبان ثلاثين‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه وهذا لفظ البخاري‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏ وفي رواية مسلم‏:‏ ‏"‏فإن غم عليكم فصوموا ثلاثين…

+ 24 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 1224

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do not observe Saum (fasting) for a day or two days preceding Ramadan. However, if a person is in the habit of observing Saum on a particular day (which may fall on these dates), he may fast on that day." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

"‏لا يتقدمن أحدكم رمضان بصوم يوم أو يومين، إلا أن يكون رجل كان يصوم صومه، فليصم ذلك اليوم‏"

Narrated by Abu Hurayrah + 7 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 652

Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, "Start fasting after you have seen it (i.e. the new crescent) and end the fast (at the end of the month) when you see it. If it is overcast and cannot be seen, then estimate its sighting (i.e. presume that Sha‘ban lasted for thirty…

وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا [ قَالَ ]: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَقُولُ: { إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَصُومُوا, وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا, فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 7 other versions

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Muwatta Malik 633

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once mentioned Ramadan and said, "Do not begin the fast until you see the new moon, and do not break the fast (at the end of Ramadan) until you see it. If the new…

"‏ لاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 13 other versions

Not graded Riyad as-Salihin 1225

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Do not observe Saum (fasting) before the advent of Ramadan. Observe Saum at sighting of the crescent of Ramadan and terminate it at sighting the crescent (of Shawwal). If the sky is overcast, complete (the month as) thirty (days)." [At- Tirmidhi].

"‏ لا تصوموا قبل رمضان صوموا لرؤيته وأفطروا لرؤيته، فإن حالت دونه فأكملوا ثلاثين يومًا‏"

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās + 2 other versions

Authentic Sahih Muslim 1080b

The month is thus and thus. (He then withdrew his thumb at the third time). He then said: Fast when you see it, and break your fast when you see it, and if the weather is cloudy calculate it (the months of Sha'ban and Shawwal) as thirty days.

الشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا - ثُمَّ عَقَدَ إِبْهَامَهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ - فَصُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدِرُوا لَهُ ثَلاَثِينَ ‏"

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 1 other version

English
Wednesday, October 14, 2026 3 جمادى الأولى 1448 هـ

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