When the Prophet (ﷺ) sent him to Yemen, he instructed him to take as Zakah on cattle; one Tabī‘ (a one-year-old male calf) or Tabī‘ah (a one-year-old female calf) for every thirty

Chapter: Zakat On Pasturing Animals

Differing grades 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Abu Dawud 1576

حَدَّثَنَا النُّفَيْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ مُعَاذٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَمَّا وَجَّهَهُ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ أَمَرَهُ

أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِنْ كُلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ - يَعْنِي مُحْتَلِمًا - دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلَهُ مِنَ الْمَعَافِرِ ثِيَابٌ تَكُونُ بِالْيَمَنِ ‏

Mu‘ādh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported:

When the Prophet (ﷺ) sent him to Yemen, he instructed him to take as Zakah on cattle; one Tabī‘ (a one-year-old male calf) or Tabī‘ah (a one-year-old female calf) for every thirty, and one Musinnah (a two-year-old cow) for every forty. He also commanded that from every adult—meaning one who has reached puberty—a dinar or its equivalent in garments from Ma‘āfir, a type of clothes produced in Yemen, be taken.

Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 1576, 1578), At-Tirmidhi (No. 623), An-Nasa’i (No. 2450, 2451, 2452, 2490), Ibn Majah (No. 1803, 1818), Ahmad (No. 21005, 21027, 21070, 21112) and Ad-Darimi (No. 1569, 1570).

Explanation

The Prophet (ﷺ) sent Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) to Yemen to teach the people and call them to Islam. Among the instructions he gave him was to collect Zakah from the Muslims' cattle: from every thirty cows, one Tabī‘ or Tabī‘ah (a one-year-old bull or cow) and from every forty cows, one Musinnah (a two-year-old cow). And that he should take Jizyah (protection tax) from the People of the Book—the Jews and Christians—of one dinar from every adult male, or its equivalent in Yemeni garments known as Ma‘āfiri.

Lessons

Jizyah is taken only from those who have reached puberty, because the criterion for exemption is that it is not taken from anyone whose killing is unlawful if captured, such as children, women, and others like them.
The amount of Jizyah is determined according to the Ijtihād (independent reasoning) of the ruler, as it varies based on factors such as place, time, wealth, and poverty. The evidence for this is that the Prophet (ﷺ) personally set its amount for the people of Yemen, saying to Mu‘ādh: "Take from every adult male one dinar," whereas ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) later increased its amount when he assessed it for the people of the Levant.
Paying attention to the collection of Zakah and appointing officials to collect it is among the responsibilities of the ruler.
Tabī‘: It is the calf that has completed one year and entered its second; it is called Tabī‘ because it still follows its mother.
The dinar: A gold coin; the Islamic dinar weighs four and a quarter grams (4.25 g) of gold.

Explanation in Arabic

بَعثَ النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم معاذَ بن جبل رضي الله عنه إلى اليمن لتعليم الناس ودعوتهم، ومما أمره به أن يأخذ من المسلمين زكاة بقرهم من كل ثلاثين بقرة يأخذ ثورًا تبيعًا أو بقرة تبيعة؛ وهو ما تم له سنة، ومن كل أربعين بقرة يأخذ بقرة مسنة؛ وهي ما تم لها سنتان.

وأن يأخذ الجزية من أهل الكتاب اليهود والنصارى عن كل ذكر بالغ دينارًا، أو ما يساوي دينارًا من ثياب اليمن المسمى: معافري.

الجزية لا تؤخذ إلَّا ممَّن قد بلغ الحلم؛ لأنَّ ضابط الذي لا تؤخذ منه: هو الذي لا يجوز قتله إذا أُسر: من صغيرٍ، وامرأة، وغيرهما.
الجزية يرجع في تقديرها إلى اجتهاد الإمام، فإنَّها تختلف حسب اختلاف المكان والزمان، والغنى والفقر، والدليل على ذلك أنَّ النَّبيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم هو الذي قدَّرها على أهل اليمن، فقال لمعاذ: "خذ من كل حالِمٍ دينارًا"، بينما زادت الجزية في تقدير عُمر رضي الله عنه حينما قدَّرها على أهل الشام.
الاهتمام بجمع الزكاة، وتوكيل من يجمعها من مهام ولي الأمر.
التبيع: ما أتمّ سنة، ودخل في الثانية، وسمي تبيعًا؛ لأنه ما زال يتبع أمه.
الدينار: نقد ذهبي، والدينار الإِسلاميّ: زنته أربعة غرامات وربع من الذهب (4.25 جم).

Scholars’ grades

The 4 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

Scholar	Grade	Applies to	Work
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH	AuthenticSahih صحيح	The hadith	No. 1576
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH	AuthenticSahih	The hadith	No. 1576
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH	WeakDaif	The hadith	No. 1576
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH	AuthenticSahih	The hadith	No. 1576

Grades of other versions (2)

WeakAbu Dawud منكر — السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (9/193)
الكمال بن الهمام رواه بعضهم مرسلاً وهذا أصح — شرح فتح القدير (2/187)

Other versions

Differing grades Sunan Abu Dawud 1578

that the Prophet (ﷺ) sent him to Yemen. He then narrated the tradition something similar. He did not mention in this version cloths made in the Yemen nor did he refer to adult (unbelievers). Abu Dawud said This tradition has been transmitted by Jarir, Ya’la, Ma’mar, Abu ‘Awanahand Yahya bin Sa’id…

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي الزَّرْقَاءِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، قَالَ بَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم…

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

Differing grades Jami' at-Tirmidhi 623

"The Prophet sent me to Yemen and ordered me to collect a Tabi or a Tabi'ah on every thirty cows, a Musinnah on every forty, a Dinar for every Halim, or its equivalent of Ma'afir."Abu Eisa said: This Hadith is Hasan. Some of them reported this Hadith from Sufyan, from Al-A'mash, from Abu Wa'il…

آخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ بَقَرَةً تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلَهُ مَعَافِرَ ‏

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

Differing grades Sunan an-Nasa'i 2450

That the Messenger of Allah sent him to Yemen, and he commanded him to take a Dinar, or its equivalent in Maafr,[1] from each person who had reached the age of puberty. And with regard to cattle, from every thirty a male or female Tabi '(two-year-old). And from every forty a Musinnah…

يَأْخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلَهُ مَعَافِرَ وَمِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِنْ ثَلاَثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً ‏"

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

Differing grades Sunan an-Nasa'i 2451

"The Messenger of Allah sent me to Yemen, and he commanded me to take from every forty cows, a cow in its third year, and from every thirty, a Tabi '(two-year-old), and from every person who had reached the age of puberty a Dinar or is equivalent in Maafir." (Daif)

آخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بَقَرَةً ثَنِيَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ تَبِيعًا وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلَهُ مَعَافِرَ ‏.‏

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

Differing grades Sunan an-Nasa'i 2452

That when the Messenger of Allah sent him to Yemen, he commanded him to take from every thirty, cattle a male or female Tabi'(two-year-old), and from every forty, a Musinnah (three-year-old), and from every person who had reached the age of puberty a Dinar or is equivalent in Ma'afir. (Da 'if)

يَأْخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلَهُ مَعَافِرَ ‏.‏

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

Differing grades Sunan an-Nasa'i 2490

"The Messenger of Allah sent me to Yemen and he commanded me to take one-tenth of whatever is irrigated by the sky, and half of one-tenth of whatever is irrigated by means of buckets."

آخُذَ مِمَّا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ الْعُشْرَ وَفِيمَا سُقِيَ بِالدَّوَالِي نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ ‏.‏

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

See all 15 versions

Differing grades Sunan Ibn Majah 1803

Suwa Mu'adh bin Jabal said: “The Messenger of Allah(ﷺ) send me to Yemen and commanded me; for every forty cows, to take a Musinnah and for every thirty, a Tabi or Tabi'ah.”

وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آخُذَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ ثَلاَثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً ‏.‏

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

Authentic Sunan Ibn Majah 1818

Mu'adh bin Jabal said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent me to Yemen and commanded me to take one-tenth of that which was irrigated by deep roots, and to take one half of one-tenth of that which was irrigated by means of buckets.”

وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آخُذَ مِمَّا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ أَوْ سُقِيَ بَعْلاً الْعُشْرَ وَمَا سُقِيَ بِالدَّوَالِي نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ ‏.‏

Narrated by Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal

Not graded Musnad Ahmad 21005