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Sunan an-Nasa'iThe Book of Fighting [The Prohibition of Bloodshed]

Sunan an-Nasa'i 4017

Chapter: Mentioning What Circumstances Allow Shedding the Blood of a Muslim

Differing grades 3 scholars’ grades Sunan an-Nasa'i 4017

Narrator:Ā’ishah

أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ غَالِبٍ، قَالَ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏

"‏ لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلاَّ رَجُلٌ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ أَوْ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلاَمِهِ أَوِ النَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ ‏"

It was narrated that 'Amr bin Ghalib said:

"Aishah said: 'Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim, except a man who committed adultery after being married, or one who reverted to Kufr after becoming Muslim, or a life for a life.'"

Reported by An-Nasa’i (No. 4017) and Ahmad (No. 24518, 24611).

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Classical commentary

Al-Sindi — Hashiyat al-Sindi on Sunan al-Nasa'i

( وَالنَّفْس بِالنَّفْسِ ) أَيْ النَّفْس الَّتِي يُطْلَبُ قَتْلهَا فِي مُقَابَلَة النَّفْسِ ثُمَّ الْمَقْصُودُ فِي الْحَدِيث بَيَان أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ قَتْلُهُ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى هَذِهِ الْخِصَال الثَّلَاث لَا أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ الْقِتَال مَعَهُ فَلَا إِشْكَال بِالْبَاغِي لِأَنَّ الْمَوْجُودَ هُنَاكَ الْقِتَال لَا الْقَتْل عَلَى أَنَّهُ يُمْكِنُ إِدْرَاجه فِي قَوْله النَّفْس بِالنَّفْسِ بِنَاء عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُرَاد بِالْقَتْلِ فِي مُقَابَلَة أَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ أَوْ أَنَّهُ إِنْ لَمْ يَقْتُلْ يَقْتُلْهُ وَالْبَاغِي كَذَلِكَ فَيَشْمَلُ الصَّائِل أَيْضًا وَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يُجْعَلَ قَتْلُ الصَّائِل مِنْ بَاب الْقِتَال لَا الْقَتْل أَمَّا قَاطِعُ الطَّرِيق فَأَيْضًا يُمْكِنُ إِدْرَاجُهُ فِي النَّفْسِ…

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Scholars’ grades

The 3 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticSahih The hadith No. 4017
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH Good (hasan)Hasan The hadith No. 4017
Abd al-Fattah Abu Ghuddahd. 1417 AH AuthenticSahih Lighairihi The hadith No. 4017

Other versions

Also reported by… (4)
  • إعلام العالم بعد رسوخه بناسخ الحديث ومنسوخه (221)لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ
  • السنن الكبرى للنسائي (3375)لا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ ، إِلا رَجُلٌ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ ، أَوْ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلامِهِ ، أَوِ النَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ
  • سنن الدارقطني (2724)لا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ
  • مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (27336)لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ ، إلَّا رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ فَقُتِلَ , أَوْ رَجُلٌ زَنَا بَعْدَ مَا أُحْصِنَ , أَوْ رَجُلٌ ارْتَدَّ بَعْدَ إسْلَامِهِ

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) The Forty Hadith of an-Nawawi 14

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “It is not permissible to spill the blood of a Muslim except in three [instances]: the married person who commits adultery, a life for a life, and the one who forsakes his religion and separates from the community.”…

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Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 1170

“The blood of a Muslim is not to be shed except for three reasons: a married man who committed adultery, a man who kills another Muslim intentionally for which he must be killed (in Qisas or retaliation), and a man who abandons Islam and fights against Allah and His Messenger, in which case he…

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا, عَنْ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-قَالَ: { لَا يَحِلُّ قَتْلُ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا فِي إِحْدَى ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ: زَانٍ مُحْصَنٌ فَيُرْجَمُ, وَرَجُلٌ يَقْتُلُ مُسْلِمًا…

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 2 other versions

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 3544

fornication after marriage, in which case he should be stoned; one who goes forth to fight with God and His Messenger,* in which case he should be killed, or crucified, or made a fugitive; or one which commits murder for which he is killed.” Abu Dawud transmitted it. * Mirqat iv. 53 refers this to…

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ…

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 1 other version

Authentic Sunan Abu Dawud 4502

We were with Uthman when he was besieged in the house. There was an entrance to the house. He who entered it heard the speech of those who were in the Bilat. Uthman then entered it. He came out to us, looking pale. He said: They are threatening to kill me now. We said: Allah will be sufficient for…

لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلاَّ بِإِحْدَى ثَلاَثٍ كُفْرٌ بَعْدَ إِسْلاَمٍ أَوْ زِنًا بَعْدَ إِحْصَانٍ أَوْ قَتْلُ نَفْسٍ بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زَنَيْتُ فِي جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلاَ إِسْلاَمٍ قَطُّ…

Narrated by Uthmān ibn ‘Affān + 9 other versions

Authentic Sunan an-Nasa'i 4016

"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'By the One besides Whom there is no other god, it is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim who bears witness to La ilaha illalla (there is none worthy of worship except Allah) and that I am the Messenger of Allah, except in three cases: One who leaves…

لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَةُ نَفَرٍ التَّارِكُ لِلإِسْلاَمِ مُفَارِقُ الْجَمَاعَةِ وَالثَّيِّبُ الزَّانِي وَالنَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ ‏"

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 2 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 4610

That he was sitting behind `Umar bin `Abdul `Aziz and the people mentioned and mentioned (about at-Qasama) and they said (various things), and said that the Caliphs had permitted it. `Umar bin `Abdul `Aziz turned towards Abu Qilaba who was behind him and said. "What do you say, O `Abdullah bin…

مَا عَلِمْتُ نَفْسًا حَلَّ قَتْلُهَا فِي الإِسْلاَمِ إِلاَّ رَجُلٌ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانٍ، أَوْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ، أَوْ حَارَبَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ فَقَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسٌ…

Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik

English
Sunday, October 11, 2026 30 ربيع الآخر 1448 هـ

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