The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to say in his prostration: "Allāhumma ighfir li dhambi kullahu, diqqahu wa jillahu, wa awwalahu wa ākhirahu, wa ‘alāniyatahu wa sirrahu (O Allah, forgive me all my sins, the small and the great, the first and the last, the public and the private)
Chapter: What Is To Be Said While Bowing And Prostrating
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported:
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to say in his prostration: "Allāhumma ighfir li dhambi kullahu, diqqahu wa jillahu, wa awwalahu wa ākhirahu, wa ‘alāniyatahu wa sirrahu (O Allah, forgive me all my sins, the small and the great, the first and the last, the public and the private)."
Reported by Muslim (No. 483) and Abu Dawud (No. 878).
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) used to supplicate in his prostration saying: (O Allah, forgive me all my sins) by concealing them, and protect me from their consequences by pardoning, overlooking, and forgiving (all my sins), I mean: (the small), little, and slight, (and the great), big, and abundant; (the first) sin (and the last) and what is between them; (the public and the private) that is not known to anyone but You, may You be Exalted.
Lessons
Ibn al-Qayyim said: The request for forgiveness of minor and major sins, the small and the great, the first and the last, the hidden and the public; this general and comprehensive nature of the supplication is to make the repentance encompassing both the sins the slave is aware of and those he is not aware of.
It was said: The (small sins) were mentioned before (the great sins) because the supplicant ascends in his request, meaning he progresses upwards. Additionally, major sins often arise from persistence in minor sins and being indifferent to them, as if they are pathways to major sins. Therefore, it is appropriate that the means be mentioned first to affirm and remove them.
Imploring Allah Almighty and seeking forgiveness for all sins, minor and major.
An-Nawawi said: This highlights the emphasis in supplication and the use of numerous phrases, even though they convey similar meanings.
Explanation in Arabic
كَانَ النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يدعو في سجوده فيقول:
(اللهم اغفر لي ذنبي) بِستْرِه، وأنْ تَقِيَني تَبِعَتَه؛ فتعفو وتتجاوز وتصفح، (كله)، أعني: (دِقّه) صغيره وقليله، (وجِلّه) كبيره وكثيره، (وأوله) أول ذنب، (وآخره)، وما بينهما، (علانيته وسره) مما لا يعلمه إلا أنت سبحانك.
قال ابن القيم: وطلب غفران الذّنوب الصِّغار والكبار، الدَّقيق والجليل، الأوّل والآخر، السّر والعلانية، فهذا التَّعميم وهذا الشُّمول لتأتي التَّوبة على ما عَلِمَه العبدُ من ذنوبه، وما لم يَعْلَمْه.
قيل: إنما قدّم (الدِّق) على (الجِلّ)؛ لأن السائل يتصاعد في مسألته أي يَتَرَقّى، ولأن الكبائر تنشأ غالبًا من الإصرار على الصغائر وعدم المبالاة بها، فكأنها وسائل إلى الكبائر، ومِن حق الوسيلة أنْ تُقَدّم إثباتًا ورفعًا.
التضرع إلى الله تعالى، وطلبه المغفرة من جميع الذنوب، الصغائر والكبائر.
قال النووي: فيه توكيد الدعاء وتكثير ألفاظه وإنْ أَغْنَى بعضُها عن بعض.
الجامع في تفسير القرآن (333)فِي السُّجُودِ : اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذَنْبِي كُلَّهُ دِقَّهُ وَجِلَّهُ ، وَأَوَّلَهُ وَآخِرَهُ ، وَعَلانِيَتَهُ وَسِرَّهُ
