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Sahih MuslimThe Book of Jihad and Expeditions

Sahih Muslim 1768a

Chapter: Permissibility of fighting those who break a treaty; Permissibility of letting besieged people surrender, subject to the judgement of a just person who is qualified to pass judgement

Authentic hadith of Sahih Muslim Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih Muslim 1768a

Narrator:Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَابْنُ، بَشَّارٍ - وَأَلْفَاظُهُمْ مُتَقَارِبَةٌ - قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، - عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا أُمَامَةَ بْنَ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ، الْخُدْرِيَّ قَالَ نَزَلَ أَهْلُ قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِلَى سَعْدٍ فَأَتَاهُ عَلَى حِمَارٍ فَلَمَّا دَنَا قَرِيبًا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِلأَنْصَارِ ‏"‏

قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ - أَوْ خَيْرِكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ تَقْتُلُ مُقَاتِلَتَهُمْ وَتَسْبِي ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ قَضَيْتَ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ - وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ - قَضَيْتَ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ ‏"

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri who said:

The people of Quraiza surrendered accepting the decision of Sa'd b. Mu'adh about them. Accordingly, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent for Sa'd who came to him riding a donkey. When he approached the mosque, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to the Ansar: Stand up to receive your chieftain. Then he said (to Sa'd): These people have surrendered accepting your decision. He (Sa'd) said: You will kill their fighters and capture their women and children. (Hearing this), the Prophet (ﷺ) said: You have adjudged by the command of God. The narrator is reported to have said: Perhaps he said: You have adjudged by the decision of a king. Ibn Muthanna (in his version of the tradition) has not mentioned the alternative words.

Reported by Muslim (No. 1768a), Al-Bukhari (No. 3043, 3804, 4121, 6262) and Ahmad (No. 10742, 11252).

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Classical commentary

An-Nawawi — Sharh Sahih Muslim

قَوْله : ( نَزَلَ أَهْل قُرَيْظَة عَلَى حُكْم سَعْد بْن مُعَاذ ) فِيهِ : جَوَاز التَّحْكِيم فِي أُمُور الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَفِي مُهِمَّاتهمْ الْعِظَام , وَقَدْ أَجْمَعَ الْعُلَمَاء عَلَيْهِ , وَلَمْ يُخَالِف فِيهِ إِلَّا الْخَوَارِج , فَإِنَّهُمْ أَنْكَرُوا عَلَى عَلِيّ التَّحْكِيم , وَأَقَامَ الْحُجَّة عَلَيْهِمْ. وَفِيهِ : جَوَاز مُصَالَحَة أَهْل قَرْيَة أَوْ حِصْن عَلَى حُكْم حَاكِم مُسْلِم عَدْل صَالِح لِلْحُكْمِ أَمِين عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْر , وَعَلَيْهِ الْحُكْم بِمَا فِيهِ مَصْلَحَة لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ , إِذَا حَكَمَ بِشَيْءٍ لَزِمَ حُكْمه , وَلَا يَجُوز لِلْإِمَامِ وَلَا لَهُمْ الرُّجُوع عَنْهُ , وَلَهُمْ الرُّجُوع قَبْل الْحُكْم. وَاَللَّه أَعْلَم. قَوْله : ( فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى ا…

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Scholars’ grades

Grade taken from the status of the collection (Sahih Muslim).

Other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 3043

When the tribe of Bani Quraiza was ready to accept Sa`d's judgment, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent for Sa`d who was near to him. Sa`d came, riding a donkey and when he came near, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said (to the Ansar), "Stand up for your leader." Then Sa`d came and sat beside Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)…

لَهُ ‏"‏ إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ الْمُقَاتِلَةُ، وَأَنْ تُسْبَى الذُّرِّيَّةُ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ لَقَدْ حَكَمْتَ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 3804

Some people (i.e. the Jews of Bani bin Quraiza) agreed to accept the verdict of Sa`d bin Mu`adh so the Prophet (ﷺ) sent for him (i.e. Sa`d bin Mu`adh). He came riding a donkey, and when he approached the Mosque, the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Get up for the best amongst you." or said, "Get up for your…

"‏ يَا سَعْدُ، إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ فِيهِمْ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ وَتُسْبَى ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ حَكَمْتَ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ، أَوْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 4121

The people of (Banu) Quraiza agreed to accept the verdict of Sa`d bin Mu`adh. So the Prophet (ﷺ) sent for Sa`d, and the latter came (riding) a donkey and when he approached the Mosque, the Prophet (ﷺ) said to the Ansar, "Get up for your chief or for the best among you." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said…

"‏ هَؤُلاَءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَالَ تَقْتُلُ مُقَاتِلَتَهُمْ وَتَسْبِي ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ قَضَيْتَ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ ‏"‏ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ ‏"

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 6262

The people of (the tribe of) Quraiza agreed upon to accept the verdict of Sa`d. The Prophet (ﷺ) sent for him (Sa`d) and he came. The Prophet (ﷺ) said (to those people), "Get up for your chief or the best among you!" Sa`d sat beside the Prophet (ﷺ) and the Prophet (ﷺ) said (to him), "These people…

قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ أَوْ قَالَ ‏"‏ خَيْرِكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَعَدَ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ ‏"‏ هَؤُلاَءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ…

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Musnad Ahmad 10742

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِىَّ قَالَ نَزَلَ أَهْلُ قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ قَالَ…

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri Arabic only

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Musnad Ahmad 11252

حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا أُمَامَةَ بْنَ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ أَنَّ أَهْلَ قُرَيْظَةَ لَمَّا نَزَلُوا عَلَى…

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri Arabic only

See all 8 versions
Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Al-Adab al-Mufrad 945

Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri (ra) said that some people (the Jews of Banu Quraysh) came down at the command of Sa’d bin Mu’az . He was called and he came riding a donkey. When he approached the mosque, the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Rise up for one better than you", or he said "Rise up for your chief. And he also…

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَرْعَرَةَ، قَالَ‏:‏ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، أَنَّ نَاسًا نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ…

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Mishkat al-Masabih 3963

When the B. Quraiza surrendered agreeing to have their fate decided by Sa‘d b. Mu'adh God’s Messenger sent for him and he came on an ass. When he drew near God's Messenger said, “Rise up in respect to your chief.” Then when he had come and sat down God's Messenger said, “These people have…

وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِليه فَجَاءَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ فَلَمَّا دَنَا قَالَ…

Narrated by Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri

Also reported by… (12)
  • أدب الإملاء والاستملاء لابن السمعاني (149)لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدٍ ، بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِ وَكَانَ قَرِيبًا ، فَجَاءَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ : قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ
  • الأدب المفرد للبخاري (939)ائْتُوا خَيْرَكُمْ ، أَوْ سَيِّدَكُمْ ، فَقَالَ : يَا سَعْدُ ، إِنَّ هَؤُلاءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ : أَحْكُمُ فِيهِمْ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ ، وَتُسْبَى ذُرِّيَّتُهُمْ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ :حَكَمْتَ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ
  • الجامع لأخلاق الراوي وآداب السامع للخطيب (304)قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ ، أَوْ إِلَى خَيْرِكُمْ
  • السنن الكبرى للنسائي (5734)هَؤُلاءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ، قَالَ : فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ وَتُسْبَى ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ ، قَالَ : حَكَمْتَ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ
  • السنن الكبرى للنسائي (7903)قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنَّ هَؤُلاءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ، قَالَ : تُقَتَّلُ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ ، وَتُسْبَى ذُرِّيَّتُهُمْ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ : قَضَيْتَ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ ، وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ : قَضَيْتَ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلَكِ
  • السنن الكبرى للنسائي (8357)إِنَّ هَؤُلاءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ، قَالَ : فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقَتَّلَ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ ، وَتُسْبَى ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ ، قَالَ : حَكَمْتَ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ
  • المدخل إلى السنن الكبرى للبيهقي (572)لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدٍ ، بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِ وَكَانَ قَرِيبًا ، فَجَاءَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ ؛ فَلَمَّا دَنَا ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ : قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ
  • حلية الأولياء لأبي نعيم (3805)قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ ، قَالَ : فَجَلَسَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ هَؤُلاءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ، قَالَ : فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ الْمُقَاتِلَةُ ، وَأَنْ تُسْبَى الذُّرِّيَّةُ ، قَالَ : فَلَقَدْ حَكَمْتَ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ
  • شرح السنة (2723)لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدٍ هُوَ ابْنُ مُعَاذٍ ، بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ، وَكَانَ قَرِيبًا مِنْهُ فَجَاءَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ : قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ ، فَجَاءَ ، فَجَلَسَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : إِنَّ هَؤُلاءِ نَزَل
  • مسند عبد بن حميد (1002)هَؤُلاءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ ، قَالَ : فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ الْمُقَاتِلَةُ وَتُسْبَى الذُّرِّيَّةُ ، فَقَالَ : لَقَدْ حَكَمْتَ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ
  • مشكل الآثار للطحاوي (948)قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ أَوْ إِلَى خَيْرِكُمْ
  • مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (36131)نَزَلَ أَهْلُ قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ , قَالَ : فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى سَعْدٍ , قَالَ : فَأَتَاهُ عَلَى حِمَارٍ , قَالَ : فَلَمَّا أَنْ دَنَا قَرِيبًا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ : قُومُوا إِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ أَوْ خَيْرِكُمْ . ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنَّ هَؤُلَاء

On the same subject

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Bulugh al-Maram 259

On the day of al-Khandaq (battle of the Trench), Sa'd was injured and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) pitched a tent for him in the mosque to visit him from a close distance. [Agreed upon].

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ ‏-رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا‏- قَالَتْ : { أُصِيبَ سَعْدٌ يَوْمَ اَلْخَنْدَقِ , فَضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-خَيْمَةً فِي اَلْمَسْجِدِ , لِيَعُودَهُ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ } مُتَّفَقٌ…

Narrated by Ā’ishah + 8 other versions

Not graded Bulugh al-Maram 869

We were brought before the Prophet (ﷺ) on the day of Quraizah. Those who had began to grow hair (on their private parts) were killed, while who had not, were set free. I was among those who had not begun to grow hair, so I was set free. [Reported by al-Arba'a. Ibn Hibban and al-Hakim graded it…

وَعَنْ عَطِيَّةَ اَلْقُرَظِيِّ ‏- رضى الله عنه ‏- قَالَ: { عُرِضْنَا عَلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ ‏- صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏-يَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ، فَكَانَ مَنْ أَنْبَتَ قُتِلَ, وَمَنْ لَمْ يُنْبِتْ خُلِّيَ سَبِيلُهُ, فَكُنْتُ فِيمَنْ…

Narrated by Atiyya al-Qurazī + 3 other versions

Not graded Mishkat al-Masabih 3974

I was among the captives of Quraiza who were brought before the Prophet. The Companions examined us, and those who had begun to grow hair were killed, but those who had not were not killed. They uncovered my private parts and when they found that the hair had not begun to grow they put me among the…

عَن عَطِيَّة القَرظِي قَالَ: كنتُ فِي سَبي قُرَيْظَةَ عُرِضْنَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَانُوا يَنْظُرُونَ فَمَنْ أَنْبَتَ الشَّعَرَ قُتِلَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُنْبِتْ لَمْ يُقْتَلْ فَكَشَفُوا…

Narrated by Atiyya al-Qurazī + 2 other versions

Authentic Mishkat al-Masabih 5873

The saying of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) on the day (of the battle) of Badr: This is Jibrīl holding the head of his horse and equipped with the tools of war

Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) on the day (of the battle) of Badr, said: "This is Jibrīl holding the head of his horse and equipped with tools of war."

وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ: «هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ آخِذٌ بِرَأْسِ فرسه عَلَيْهِ أَدَاة الْحَرْب» . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ

Narrated by Ibn ‘Abbās + 2 other versions Explained

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sunan Abu Dawud 3005

Ibn ‘Umar said “The Jews Al Nadir and Quraizah fought with the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ), so the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) expelled Banu Al Nadir and allowed the Quraizah to stay and favored them. The Quraizah thereafter fought (with the Prophet).” So he killed their men and divided their women, property and…

، حَارَبُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَجْلَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَأَقَرَّ قُرَيْظَةَ وَمَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى حَارَبَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَتَلَ رِجَالَهُمْ…

Narrated by Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar + 4 other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 4117

When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the battle of the Trench and put down his arms and took a bath, Jibrīl (peace be upon him) came and said (to him): You had put down your arms? By Allah, we (i.e. the angels) have not put them down yet. So, set out for them

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the battle of the Trench and put down his arms and took a bath, Jibrīl (peace be upon him) came and said (to him): "You had put down your arms? By Allah, we (i.e. the…

لَمَّا رَجَعَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَوَضَعَ السِّلاَحَ وَاغْتَسَلَ، أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ ـ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ ـ فَقَالَ قَدْ وَضَعْتَ السِّلاَحَ وَاللَّهِ مَا وَضَعْنَاهُ، فَاخْرُجْ إِلَيْهِمْ‏.‏…

Narrated by Ā’ishah Explained

English
Sunday, October 11, 2026 30 ربيع الآخر 1448 هـ

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