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Sunan Ibn MajahThe Book of the Sunnah

Sunan Ibn Majah 85

Chapter: Regarding the Divine Decree (Qadr)

Differing grades 4 scholars’ grades Sunan Ibn Majah 85

Narrator:Abdullah ibn Amr

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَهُمْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ فِي الْقَدَرِ فَكَأَنَّمَا يُفْقَأُ فِي وَجْهِهِ حَبُّ الرُّمَّانِ مِنَ الْغَضَبِ فَقَالَ ‏

"‏ بِهَذَا أُمِرْتُمْ أَوْ لِهَذَا خُلِقْتُمْ تَضْرِبُونَ الْقُرْآنَ بَعْضَهُ بِبَعْضٍ ‏.‏ بِهَذَا هَلَكَتِ الأُمَمُ قَبْلَكُمْ ‏"

'Amr in Shu'aib narrated from his father that his grandfather said:

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came out to his Companions when they were disputing about the Divine Decree, and it was as if pomegranate seeds had burst on his face (i.e. turned red) because of anger. He said: 'Have you been commanded to do this, or were you created for this purpose? You are using one part of the Qur'an against another part, and this is what led to the doom of the nations who came before you.'" 'Abdullah bin 'Amr said: "I was never happy to have missed a gathering with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as I was to have missed that gathering.'"

Reported by Ibn Majah (No. 85).

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Classical commentary

Al-Sindi — Hashiyat al-Sindi on Sunan Ibn Majah

قَوْله ( وَهُمْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ فِي الْقَدَر ) بِالْإِثْبَاتِ وَالنَّفْي وَكَأَنَّ كُلًّا مِنْهُمْ كَانَ يَسْتَدِلّ بِمَا يُنَاسِب مَطْلُوبه مِنْ الْآيَات وَلِذَلِكَ أَنْكَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِقَوْلِهِ تَضْرِبُونَ الْقُرْآن بَعْضه بِبَعْضٍ قَوْله ( فَكَأَنَّمَا إِلَخْ ) أَيْ فَغَضِبَ فَاحْمَرَّ وَجْهه مِنْ أَجْل الْغَضَب اِحْمِرَارًا يُشْبِه فَقْء حَبّ الرُّمَّان فِي وَجْهه أَيْ يُشْبِه الِاحْمِرَار الْحَاصِل بِهِ أَوْ فَصَارَ كَأَنَّمَا يَفْقَأ إِلَخْ وَيُفْقَأ عَلَى بِنَاء الْمَفْعُول مِنْ فَقَأَ بِهَمْزَةٍ فِي آخِره أَيْ شُقَّ قَوْله ( أَوْ لِهَذَا خُلِقْتُمْ ) أَيْ هَذَا الْبَحْث عَلَى الْقَدَر وَالِاخْتِصَام فِيهِ هَلْ هُوَ الْمَقْصُود مِنْ خَلْقكُمْ أَوْ هُوَ الَّذِي وَقَعَ التَّكْلِيف بِهِ ح…

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Scholars’ grades

The 4 scholars cited do not give the same grade: each one is shown below.

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH AuthenticHasan Sahih The hadith No. 85
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH Good (hasan)Hasan The hadith No. 85
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH Good chain (hasan)Isnaad Hasan The chain only No. 85
Muhammad Fu'ad Abd al-Baqid. 1388 AH AuthenticHasan Sahih The hadith No. 85

On the same subject

Good (hasan) Musnad Ahmad 6550

Is this what you have been ordered with? That you set the Book of Allah against itself? The people before you were only ruined when they differed about this matter. You have nothing to do with what was going on here. See what I commanded you to do, and observe it and act upon it, and what I forbade you to do, desist from it

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a number of people were sitting at the door of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). Some of them said: "Did Allah not say such-and-such?" Others said: "Did Allah not say such-and-such?" So the Messenger of Allah…

حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ نَفَرًا كَانُوا جُلُوسًا بِبَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ…

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr Explained

Good (hasan) Mishkat al-Masabih 237

they set parts of God’s Book against others, whereas God's Book was sent down only to be consistent; so do not use parts to falsify others. Speak about as much of it as you know, but where you are ignorant entrust it to him who knows.” Ahmad and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

" إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِهَذَا: ضَرَبُوا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ بَعْضَهُ بِبَعْضٍ وَإِنَّمَا نَزَلَ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ يُصَدِّقُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا فَلَا تُكَذِّبُوا بَعْضَهُ بِبَعْضٍ فَمَا عَلِمْتُمْ مِنْهُ…

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