Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said:
"Beware of false thought, for false thought is the most untruth speech. Do not search for the faults of one another, do not spy on one another, do not envy one another, do not turn your backs on one another, do not harbor hatred for one another, and be, O slaves of Allah, brothers."
Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 6064, 5143, 6066, 6724), Muslim (No. 2563a, 2563b, 2564a), Abu Dawud (No. 4917), At-Tirmidhi (No. 1988), Ibn Majah (No. 3933, 4213), Malik (No. 1650) and Ahmad (No. 7035, 7402, 7520, 7770, 8148, 8365, 9620, 9698).
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) prohibits and warns against some of what could lead to dissension and enmity among Muslims. This includes the following:
"Zhann" (false thought): It is a baseless suspicion arising in the heart, and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified that it is the falsest of speech.
"Tahassus" (searching for faults): It is to look for others' flaws through the eye or the ear.
"Tajassus" (spying): It is searching for hidden affairs, and it is mostly used in a negative context.
"Hasad" (envy): It is hating to see others enjoying a blessing.
"Tadābur" (turning one's back on others): It is turning away from one another and refraining from greeting or visiting one's Muslim brother.
"Tabāghud" (harboring hatred): It is malice and aversion such as harming others, frowning, and meeting people in a bad manner.
Then, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said a comprehensive statement that guarantees maintaining good relations between Muslims, saying: "And be, O slaves of Allah, brothers". Brotherhood is a bond that unites people and enhances love and familiarity among them.
Lessons
There is nothing wrong with having false thoughts about those who show signs of it, and the believer must be wise and smart and should not be deceived by evil and wicked people.
The warning is about such suspicion that settles in the heart and persists in it. As for suspicions that pass through one’s mind but do not settle therein, then a person is not blamed for it.
Prohibiting the causes that lead to discord and estrangement among members of the Muslim community such as spying, envy, and the like.
Advising Muslims to treat one another like brothers in terms of advice and mutual affection.
Explanation in Arabic
يَنْهَى النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ويُحَذِّرُ مِن بعضِ ما يؤدِّي إلى الفُرْقة والعداوة بين المسلمين،
ومن ذلك:
(الظن) وهو تُهمةٌ تقَعُ في القَلبِ بلا دَليلٍ، وبَيَّنَ أنه مِن أَكْذَب الحديث.
وعن (التَّحَسُّس): وهو البحث عن عورات الناس بالعين أو الأذن.
و(التَّجَسُّس): وهو البحث عن ما خفي من الأمور، وأكثر ما يقال ذلك في الشر.
وعن: (الحسد) وهو كراهية حصول النعمة للآخرين.
وعن: (التدابر) بأنْ يَعْرِضَ بعضُهم عن بعض، فلا يسلِّم ولا يزور أخاه المسلم،
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