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Sahih al-BukhariVirtues and Merits of the Prophet (pbuh) and his Companions

There will be selfishness and other matters that you will disapprove of after me." They asked: What do you order us to do (in such circumstances), O Messenger of Allah? He said: '"Fulfill your duty (towards the ruler), and ask Allah for your rights

Chapter: The signs of Prophethood in Islam

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih al-Bukhari 3603

Narrator:Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏

سَتَكُونُ أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا قَالَ ‏"‏ تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ ‏"

Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said:

"There will be selfishness and other matters that you will disapprove of after me." They asked: What do you order us to do (in such circumstances), O Messenger of Allah? He said: '"Fulfill your duty (towards the ruler), and ask Allah for your rights."

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 3603), Muslim (No. 1843) and Ahmad (No. 3860).

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Explanation

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed us that there will be rulers assigned to be in charge of Muslims and they will monopolize the Muslims' wealth and spend it as they wish, depriving the Muslims of their rights thereof. These rulers will also do things, related to the religion, that are disapproved by the Shariah. The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) asked about what they should do in such a case. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told them not to let these rulers' monopoly of wealth prevent them from fulfilling their duty towards them, including listening and obeying. Rather, they should have patience, listen and obey them without disputing their authority. Moreover, they should ask Allah for their rights and ask Him to guide these rulers and ward off their evil and oppression.

Lessons

  • This Hadīth is one of the proofs of Muhammad's prophethood, as he foretold what would happen in his Ummah and it happened just as he said.
  • It is permissible to inform a person of an affliction that will likely befall him so as to be prepared, show patience, and seek Allah's reward when it actually occurs.
  • Holding onto the Qur’an and Sunnah ensures safety from trials and dissension.
  • The Hadīth urges Muslims to listen and obey their rulers in what is good and not to rebel against them even if they commit oppression.
  • Adopting wisdom and following the Sunnah during the times of trials.
  • One must fulfill his duties even if he is wronged in one way or another.
  • The Hadīth proves the rule that states: We should opt for the lesser of the two evils or the lesser of the two harms.

Explanation in Arabic

أَخْبَرَ النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه سيتولى على المسلمين وُلاةٌ يَستأثِرون بأموال المسلمين وغيرِها مِن أمور الدنيا، يَصْرِفُونها كما شاؤوا ويمنعون المسلمين حقَّهم فيها.

وسيكون منهم في الدِّين أمورٌ تُنْكَر.

فسَألَ الصحابةُ رضي الله عنهم: ماذا يفعلون في تلك الحال؟

فأخبرهم صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه لا يمنعكم انفرادُهم بالمال أنْ تَمْنَعوا ما يجب عليكم نحوَهم من السمع والطاعة، بل اصبروا واسمعوا وأطيعوا ولا تنازعوهم الأمر، واسألوا الحق الذي لكم من الله، وأن يُصلحَهم ويَدفعَ شرَّهم وظلمَهم.

  • الحديثُ من دلائل نبوَّتِه صلى الله عليه وسلم حيث أخبر بما سيكون في أمته فوقع كما أخبر.
  • جوازُ إعلام المُبتلى بما يُتَوَقَع له من البلاء؛ لِيُوَطِّنَ نفسَه فإذا أتاه كان صابرًا محتسبًا.
  • الاعتصام بالكتاب والسنة مخرج من الفتن والاختلاف.
  • الحث على السمع والطاعة لولاة الأمور بالمعروف، وعدم الخروج عليهم، وإنْ وقع منهم ظلم.
  • استعمال الحكمة واتباع السنة في زمن الفتن.
  • على الإنسان القيام بالحق الذي عليه وإنْ حَصَل عليه شيء من الظلم.
  • فيه دليلٌ على القاعدة: يختار أهون الشرين أو أخف الضررين.

Classical commentary

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani — Fath al-Bari

حَدِيث اِبْن مَسْعُود " سَتَكُونُ أَثَرَة " يَأْتِي الْكَلَام عَلَيْهِ أَيْضًا فِي الْفِتَن إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّه تَعَالَى.…

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Scholars’ grades

ScholarGradeApplies toWork
Al-Bukharid. 256 AH Authenticصحيح The hadith صحيح البخاري No. 3603
Grades of other versions (7)
  • AuthenticShu'ayb al-Arna'ut صحيح — تخريج صحيح ابن حبان (4587)
  • AuthenticMuslim صحيح — صحيح مسلم (1843)
  • Al-Tabarani لم يروه عن الأعمش عن أبي حازم إلا يحيى بن عيسى تفرد به أحمد بن عبد العزيز الواسطي — المعجم الصغير (1001)
  • AuthenticIbn Hibban أخرجه في صحيحه — صحيح ابن حبان (4587)
  • Al-Daraqutni تَفَرَّدَ بهِ مؤمل بن إسماعيل، عَن الثَّورِيّ، عن الأعمش، عن زيد وعمرو بن شرحبيل، عَنه. — أطراف الغرائب (2/9)
  • Ibn Adi ليس بمحفوظ — الكامل في الضعفاء (6/492)
  • ابن القيسراني رواية] الأوزاعي عن الأعمش ما أرى يصح منها شيء — ذخيرة الحفاظ (2/1006)

Other versions

Authentic Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Sahih Muslim 1843

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: After me there will be favouritism and many things that you will not like. They (his Companions) said: Messenger of Allah, what do you order that one should do if anyone from us has to live through such a time? He said: You should discharge your own responsibility…

إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ تَأْمُرُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ مِنَّا ذَلِكَ قَالَ ‏"‏ تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي…

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Musnad Ahmad 3860

حَدَّثَنَا مُؤَمَّلٌ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ فِتَنٌ وَأُمُورٌ…

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd Arabic only

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 51

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "You will see after me favouritism and things which you will disapprove of." They submitted: "What do you order us to do (under such circumstances)?" He replied, "Discharge your obligations and ask your rights from Allah". [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

"‏ إنها ستكون بعدي أثرة وأمور تنكرونها ‏!‏ قالوا‏:‏ يا رسول الله فما تأمرنا‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ تؤدون الحق الذى عليكم ، وتسألون الله الذى لكم‏"

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd

Not graded Muttafaq ‘alayh (Bukhari and Muslim) Riyad as-Salihin 669

Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "There will be discrimination after my death and there will be other matters that you will disapprove." He was asked: "O Messenger of Allah! What do you command us to do when we are encountered with such happenings?" He answered, "Give what is due from you and…

وعن عبد الله بن مسعود رضي الله عنه قال‏:‏ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏:‏ “إنها ستكون بعدى أثرة، وأمور تنكرونها‏!‏” قالوا‏:‏ يا رسول الله، كيف تأمر من أدرك منا ذلك‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ “تؤدون الحق الذى عليكم، وتسألون الله…

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd

Also reported by… (6)
  • البحر الزخار بمسند البزار (1589)سَتَكُونُ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا ، قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ،فَكَيْفَ تَأْمُرُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ مِنَّا ؟ قَالَ : تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ
  • المعجم الصغير للطبراني (983)سَتَكُونُ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا ، قَالُوا : فَمَا تَأْمُرُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ ، قَالَ : تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ
  • حلية الأولياء لأبي نعيم (10096)سَتَكُونُ أَثَرَةٌ ، وَأُمُورٌ تَكْرَهُونَهَا , قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ , فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا ؟ قَالَ : تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ , وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ
  • صحيح ابن حبان (4685)سَتَكُونُ أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا . قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا ؟ قَالَ : تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ
  • مستخرج أبي عوانة (5628)إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةٌ ، وَفِتَنٌ ، وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا ، قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، كَيْفَ تَأْمُرُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ مِنَّا ؟ قَالَ : تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ
  • مسند أبي يعلى الموصلي (5095)سَتَكُونُ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا ، قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، كَيْفَ تَأْمُرُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ مِنَّا ؟ قَالَ : تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ ، وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ

On the same subject

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A person from among the Ansar said, "O Messenger of Allah! You appointed such and such person and why do you not appoint me?" Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "After me you will see others given preference to you, but you should remain patient till you meet me at the Haud (Al- Kauthar in Jannah)"…

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حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْأَنْصَارِ…

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