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Sahih al-Bukhari 2301

Chapter: If a Muslim deputizes a non-Muslim

Authentic hadith of Sahih al-Bukhari Companion’s words (mawquf) Sahih al-Bukhari 2301

Narrator:Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يُوسُفُ بْنُ الْمَاجِشُونِ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ

كَاتَبْتُ أُمَيَّةَ بْنَ خَلَفٍ كِتَابًا بِأَنْ يَحْفَظَنِي فِي صَاغِيَتِي بِمَكَّةَ، وَأَحْفَظَهُ فِي صَاغِيَتِهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، فَلَمَّا ذَكَرْتُ الرَّحْمَنَ قَالَ لاَ أَعْرِفُ الرَّحْمَنَ، كَاتِبْنِي بِاسْمِكَ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ‏.‏ فَكَاتَبْتُهُ عَبْدُ عَمْرٍو فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ خَرَجْتُ إِلَى جَبَلٍ لأُحْرِزَهُ حِينَ نَامَ النَّاسُ فَأَبْصَرَهُ بِلاَلٌ فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَى مَجْلِسٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ، لاَ نَجَوْتُ إِنْ نَجَا أُمَيَّةُ‏.‏ فَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ فَرِيقٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فِي آثَارِنَا، فَلَمَّا خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَلْحَقُونَا خَلَّفْتُ لَهُمُ ابْنَهُ، لأَشْغَلَهُمْ فَقَتَلُوهُ ثُمَّ أَبَوْا حَتَّى يَتْبَعُونَا، وَكَانَ رَجُلاً ثَقِيلاً، فَلَمَّا أَدْرَكُونَا قُلْتُ لَهُ ابْرُكْ‏.‏ فَبَرَكَ، فَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسِي لأَمْنَعَهُ، فَتَخَلَّلُوهُ بِالسُّيُوفِ مِنْ تَحْتِي، حَتَّى قَتَلُوهُ، وَأَصَابَ أَحَدُهُمْ رِجْلِي بِسَيْفِهِ، وَكَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ يُرِينَا ذَلِكَ الأَثَرَ فِي ظَهْرِ قَدَمِهِ‏.‏

Narrated `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf:

I got an agreement written between me and Umaiya bin Khalaf that Umaiya would look after my property (or family) in Mecca and I would look after his in Medina. When I mentioned the word 'Ar-Rahman' in the documents, Umaiya said, "I do not know 'Ar-Rahman.' Write down to me your name, (with which you called yourself) in the Pre-Islamic Period of Ignorance." So, I wrote my name '`Abdu `Amr'. On the day (of the battle) of Badr, when all the people went to sleep, I went up the hill to protect him. Bilal(1) saw him (i.e. Umaiya) and went to a gathering of Ansar and said, "(Here is) Umaiya bin Khalaf! Woe to me if he escapes!" So, a group of Ansar went out with Bilal to follow us (`Abdur-Rahman and Umaiya). Being afraid that they would catch us, I left Umaiya's son for them to keep them busy but the Ansar killed the son and insisted on following us. Umaiya was a fat man, and when they approached us, I told him to kneel down, and he knelt, and I laid myself on him to protect him, but the Ansar killed him by passing their swords underneath me, and one of them injured my foot with his sword. (The sub narrator said, "`Abdur-Rahman used to show us the trace of the wound on the back of his foot.")

Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 2301, 3971).

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Classical commentary

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani — Fath al-Bari

قَوْله : ( عَنْ صَالِح بْن إِبْرَاهِيم ) يَأْتِي تَصْرِيحه بِالسَّمَاعِ مِنْهُ آخِر الْبَاب. قَوْله : ( كَاتَبْت أُمَيَّة بْن خَلَف ) أَيْ كَتَبْت بَيْنِي وَبَيْنه كِتَابًا , وَفِي رِوَايَة الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيّ عَاهَدْت أُمَيَّة اِبْن خَلَف وَكَاتَبْته. قَوْله : ( بِأَنْ يَحْفَظنِي فِي صَاغِيَتِي ) الصَّاغِيَة بِصَادٍ مُهْمَلَة وَغَيْن مُعْجَمَة خَاصَّة الرَّجُل , مَأْخُوذ مِنْ صَغَى إِلَيْهِ إِذَا مَال. قَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيّ : صَاغِيَة الرَّجُل كُلّ مَنْ يَمِيل إِلَيْهِ , وَيُطْلَق عَلَى الْأَهْل وَالْمَال. وَقَالَ اِبْن التِّين : رَوَاهُ الدَّاوُدِيُّ ظَاعِنَتِي بِالظَّاءِ الْمُشَالَة الْمُعْجَمَة وَالْعَيْن الْمُهْمَلَة بَعْدهَا نُون , ثُمَّ فَسَّرَهُ بِأَنَّهُ الشَّيْء الَّذِي يَسْفُر إِلَيْه…

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Scholars’ grades

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Al-Bukharid. 256 AH Authenticصحيح The hadith صحيح البخاري No. 2301

Other versions

Authentic Sahih al-Bukhari 3971

"I had an agreement with Umaiya bin Khalaf (that he would look after my relatives and property in Mecca, and I would look after his relatives and property in Medina)." `Abdur-Rahman then mentioned the killing of Umaiya and his son on the day of Badr, and Bilal said, "Woe to me if Umaiya remains…

كَاتَبْتُ أُمَيَّةَ بْنَ خَلَفٍ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ، فَذَكَرَ قَتْلَهُ وَقَتْلَ ابْنِهِ، فَقَالَ بِلاَلٌ لاَ نَجَوْتُ إِنْ نَجَا أُمَيَّةُ‏.‏

Narrated by Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf