حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ سَهْلٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً، جَاءَتِ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِبُرْدَةٍ مَنْسُوجَةٍ فِيهَا حَاشِيَتُهَا ـ أَتَدْرُونَ مَا الْبُرْدَةُ قَالُوا الشَّمْلَةُ. قَالَ نَعَمْ. قَالَتْ نَسَجْتُهَا بِيَدِي، فَجِئْتُ لأَكْسُوَكَهَا.
فَأَخَذَهَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُحْتَاجًا إِلَيْهَا، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا وَإِنَّهَا إِزَارُهُ، فَحَسَّنَهَا فُلاَنٌ فَقَالَ اكْسُنِيهَا، مَا أَحْسَنَهَا. قَالَ الْقَوْمُ مَا أَحْسَنْتَ، لَبِسَهَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُحْتَاجًا إِلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ سَأَلْتَهُ وَعَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَرُدُّ. قَالَ إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا سَأَلْتُهُ لأَلْبَسَهَا إِنَّمَا سَأَلْتُهُ لِتَكُونَ كَفَنِي.
Sahl ibn Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with a woven mantle and said: "I have woven it with my hands for you to wear." So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) took it as he was in need of it. He came out to us wearing it as his lower garment. Someone said: "How beautiful! Give it to me to wear!" He answered: "Yes." Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sat there for some time. When he returned home, he folded it and sent it to the man. People said to him: "You have not done well by asking him for it when you know that he never turns down anybody's request and the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) wore it for he was in need of it." He said: "By Allah, I did not ask him for it in order to wear it; I only asked him for it so that it would be my shroud." Sahl said: "And it was his shroud."
Reported by Al-Bukhari (No. 1277, 2093, 5810), An-Nasa’i (No. 5321), Ibn Majah (No. 3555) and Ahmad (No. 21759).
The Hadīth shows altruism of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and how he preferred that man to have the mantle although he himself was in need of it. The fact that he actually wore it indicates that he was in extreme need of it. A woman came and gave the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) a mantle as a gift. Then a man approached the Prophet and said: 'How beautiful it is!" and asked the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to give it to him. So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) took it off, folded it, and gave it to him. Some Hadīth commentators mentioned that one of the lessons learned from this Hadīth is that it is permissible to seek blessings from the traces of the righteous. However, that is not the case. Rather, it is seeking the blessings specifically from the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and none else can be compared to him in terms of virtue and righteousness. Also, the Companions never did that with anyone except the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) neither during his lifetime nor after his death. Had there been any good in it, they would have preceded us in doing it.
Explanation in Arabic
في الحديث إيثار النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم على نفسه؛ لأنه آثر هذا الرجل بهذه البردة التي كان محتاجاً إليها؛ لأنه لبسها بالفعل مما يدل على شدة احتياجه إليها، فإن امرأة جاءت وأهدت إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بردة، فتقدم رجل إليه فقال: ما أحسن هذه؟، وطلبها من النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ، ففعل الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام خلعها وطواها وأعطاه إياها.
ذكر بعض الشرّاح أن من فوائد هذا الحديث التبرك بآثار الصالحين، وليس كذلك إنما هو التبرك بذاته –صلى الله عليه وسلم- ولا يقاس غيره به في الفضل والصلاح، وأيضاً الصحابة لم يكونوا يفعلون ذلك مع غيره لا في حياته ولا بعد موته، ولو كان خيراً لسبقونا إليه.
حسن خلق النبي –صلى الله عليه وسلم - وكرمه وسعة جوده، وأنه لا يرد سائلاً.
استحباب المبادرة لأخذ الهدية؛ لجبر خاطر مهديها، وأنها وقعت منه موقعاً.
مشروعية الإنكار عند مخالفة الأدب ظاهراً، وإن لم يبلغ المنكر درجة التحريم.
جواز استحسان الإنسان ما يراه على غيره من الملابس وغيرها؛ إما ليعرفه قدرها، وإما ليعرض له بطلبه منه حيث يسوغ له ذلك.
وعن سهل بن سعد رضي الله عنه، أن امرأة جاءت إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ببردة منسوجة فقالت: نسجتها لأكسوكها، فأخذها النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم محتاجاً إليها ، فخرج إلينا وإنها إزاره، فقال فلان، اكسونيها ما أحسنها!…
