Furay‘ah bint Mālik ibn Sinān, sister of Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri, reported that she went to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and asked him if she could return to her family, Banu Khudrah, because her husband went out chasing his slaves who ran away; and when he caught them at the borders of Al-Qadūm, they killed him. She said: "I asked the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) if I could go back to my people, for he (the murdered husband) did not leave me in a dwelling of his own, nor did he leave me with any financial maintenance?" She said: "The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied: 'Yes.'" She said: "I went out, and when I was in the apartment or in the mosque, he called for me, or he commanded someone to call me and he said: 'What did you say?' So I repeated my story which I had already mentioned about my husband. Thereupon he said: 'Stay in your house until the term (of ‘Iddah) lapses.'" She said: "So I spent my ‘Iddah therein (in her husband's house) for four months and ten days. When ‘Uthmān ibn ‘Affān became the caliph, he sent for me and asked me about that; so I informed him, and he followed it and decided cases accordingly.’"
Reported by Abu Dawud (No. 2300), An-Nasa’i (No. 3528, 3530, 3532), Ibn Majah (No. 2031), Malik (No. 1250), Ahmad (No. 25840, 26097) and Ad-Darimi (No. 2185).
This Hadīth shows that a female Companion whose husband died wanted to spend her ‘Iddah in a house different from the one she used to live in with her husband. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told her that Allah made it obligatory for her to remain in her husband's house until her ‘Iddah lapses. This Hadīth sets a basic rule that the woman whose husband dies must remain in the house she used to live in with her husband until her ‘Iddah and mourning period lapse. This period ends with the delivery of a baby if the widowed woman is pregnant, or by spending full four months and ten days if she is not pregnant.
Explanation in Arabic
في هذا الحديث بيان أنَّ هذه الصحابية توفي زوجها وأرادت أت تعتد في غير البيت الذي كانت فيه مع زوجها، فأخبرها النبي -عليه الصلاة والسلام- بأن الله فرض عليها أن تلازم بيتها حتى تنقضي عدتها، فهذا الحديث أصل في أن المتوفَّى يجب عليها أنْ تقضي عدتها وحدادها في البيت الذي توفي زوجها وهي تسكنه، وأنَّه لا يحل لها الانتقال منه حتى يبلغ الكتاب أجله بانقضاء عدتها وحدادها؛ وذلك بوضع الحمل إنْ كانت حاملًا، أو بإتمام أربعة أشهر وعشرة أيام لغير ذات الحمل.
أن المتوفى عنها زوجها تعتد في بيتها، ولا تخرج عنه إلى غيره، والمراد به: المنزل الذي مات زوجها وهي ساكنة فيه.
أنه لا نفقة للمتوفى عنها زوجها؛ لأن النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- سكت عن النفقة ولم يتعرض لها.
قبول قول المرأة في الأحكام الشرعية.
أنه ينبغي للإنسان أن يتوقى الخطر، وألا يخاطر بنفسه.
Scholars’ grades
Scholar
Grade
Applies to
Work
Al-Albanid. 1420 AH
AuthenticSahihصحيح
The hadith
No. 2300
Shu'ayb al-Arna'utd. 1438 AH
AuthenticHasan Sahih
The hadith
No. 2300
Zubair Ali Zaid. 1435 AH
Authentic chainIsnaad Sahih
The chain only
No. 2300
Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamidd. 1392 AH
AuthenticSahih
The hadith
No. 2300
Grades of other versions (20)
AuthenticAl-Albaniصحيح — صحيح الترمذي (1204)
AuthenticAl-Albaniصحيح — صحيح ابن ماجه (1664)
Good chain (hasan)Shu'ayb al-Arna'utإسناده حسن — تخريج المسند لشعيب (27087)
Authentic chainShu'ayb al-Arna'utإسناده صحيح — تخريج صحيح ابن حبان (4292)
Good chain (hasan)Shu'ayb al-Arna'utإسناده حسن — تخريج المسند لشعيب (27088)
Good chain (hasan)Shu'ayb al-Arna'utإسناده قوي — تخريج زاد المعاد (5/475)
