Nafi‘ reported that ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) allocated a sum of four thousand dirhams for each of the early Muhājirūn, but for his son, he allocated three thousand five hundred. He was asked: "He is also a Muhājir, so why did you allocate a lesser sum for him?" He said: "It was his father who took him along with him. He is not like one who emigrated by himself."
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) gave each of the Muhājirūn four thousand dirhams. His son was also from the Muhājirūn, but he gave him three thousand five hundred dirhams only, because it was his father, ‘Umar, who took him along with him when he emigrated and he had not yet reached puberty at the time. For this reason he did not treat him in the same way he treated the adult Muslims who emigrated by themselves. Indeed, the world have not known after the time of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and Abu Bakr As-Siddīq a ruler who was as ascetic and pious regarding the wealth of the Muslims as ‘Umar. This is the duty of any person who is in charge of the affairs of the Muslims; he must not show favoritism to his relatives, nor to a rich person because of his wealth, or a poor because of his poverty. Rather, he should treat each person properly, as this is a form of piety and justice.
Explanation in Arabic
أعطى عمر للمهاجرين 4000، وابنه من المهاجرين لكنه أعطاه 3500، لأنه هاجر به أبوه وهو غير محتلم فلم ير إلحاقه بالبالغين، فلذا أنقص من عطائه عمن هاجر بنفسه من المهاجرين، فإن الدنيا لم تعرف بعد النبي –صلى الله عليه وسلم- وأبي بكر الصديق حاكماً زاهداً ورعاً في مال الأمة مثله –رضي الله عنه-، وهكذا يجب على من تولى شيئا من أمور المسلمين ألا يحابي قريبا لقرابته، ولا غنيا لغناه ولا فقيرا لفقره بل ينزل كل أحد منزلته، فهذا من الورع والعدل.
شدة ورع عمر بن الخطاب –رضي الله عنه-.
فضل المهاجرين الأولين الذين خرجوا بأنفسهم فراراً بدينهم يريدون وجه الله.
للإمام أن يفرض لبعض أهل الإيمان فرضاً ليعينهم على الحياة، من التفرغ للدعوة والعلم ونحو ذلك.
وعن نافع أن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه كان فرض للمهاجرين الأولين أربعة آلاف وفرض لابنه ثلاثة آلاف وخمسمائة، فقيل له: هو من المهاجرين فلم نقصته؟ فقال: إنما هاجر به أبوه، يقول: ليس هو كمن هاجر بنفسه” ((رواه…
